【摘要】 根据精馏理论及单2-乙基己基膦酸2-乙基己基酯(P-507)萃取稀土的机理和性能,提出了用P-507逆流液液回流萃取富集镥的流程。通过模拟试验,设计了在混合澄清器中由十一级萃取转相、二十级贫化、六十级富集、三十级硝酸反萃转相、七级盐酸反萃和二级水洗的流程,经过较长时间的运转,表明本流程可以由混合重稀土(Tm<1％、Yb～89％、Lu～8％、Y～3％)中获得纯度大于99.95％和收率大于98％的镥,并在贫化段中可以定量回收纯度>92％(Lu<0.4％)的镱。稀土总收率为98％,与传统的萃取-汞齐-离子交换法相比较,本法具有产率高、成本低、工艺简单和无汞害的优点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the refinery distillation theory as well as the mechanism andbehavior of rare earth extraction with mono-(2-ethylhexyl)2-ethylhexyl-phospho-nate(P-507),a process for the enrichment of lutetium by countercurrent liquid-liquid reflux extraction with P-507 has been suggested.After a simulated test,wedesigned a process consisting of an extraction section of eleven stages,an impover-ishing section of twenty stages,an enriching section of sixty stages,a strippingand a phase transfer section of thirty stages by nitric acid,a stripping section byhydrochloric acid of seven stages and a water washing section of two stages in amixer-settler.It has been in operation for long time.By this process,lutetium witha purity over 99.95% and a yield over 98% was obtained from a mixture of heavyrare earths(Tm<1%,Yb<89%,Lu8%,Y 3%).At the sametime,ytterbium with apurity>92%(Lu<0.4%)was recovered in the raffinate.The total recovery of rareearth was 98%.Compared with the sodium amalgam and ion exchange purificationof Lu,this process is more advantageous for its higher yield,lower cost,its simpli-city in operation,and especially,eliminatidn of mercury pollution.更多还原