【摘要】 <正> 一、问题的提出在以前一个相当长的时期内,苏联总是错误地认为遗传学是唯心主义的“资产阶级科学”,极力反对“魏斯曼——孟德尔——摩尔根主义”,完全否定“优生学”。当时这种观点在苏联心理学和教育学中也得到了一定的反映:在个体身心的发展中,否定遗传因素的积极作用,而把环境和教育的作用不恰当地夸大了。这对我国心理学和教育学发生了深刻的影响,并基本上保留至今。例如:(一)“素质是有机体天生具有的某些解剖和生理的特性,主要是神经系统、脑的特性更多还原

【Abstract】 At present psychology and pedagogyhold genetic elements as genetic propertiesthus neglecting the active role of geneticelements,in the mean time overexagera-ting the role of environmental and educa-tional elements.This runs counter to theviewpoints of particle genetics.Any agestage of the individual psychosomatic de-velopment and change is the result of theinteraction of environmental and geneticelements,while the genetic elements playthe main role.There are also dialetic relations be-tween the two.Education should be regarded as aparticular environmental element and itshould be confined within the sphere ofinteraction.更多还原