【摘要】 <正> 清澜港是海南岛东北部靠热带的河口港.水域狭长,沿岸椰林密布,文昌河流入港内,港口朝南,面临南海开阔水域,港外两岸珊瑚成礁.月平均水温大多在20℃以上,波动在18.6—29.7℃之间,年温差11.1℃.盐度受河水影响较大,月平均波动在9.9—31.6‰之间,最低可降到1—2‰。 自1967年7月至1968年8月,在港内浮码头进行周年、逐季及逐月挂板试验;试板垂直置于水面下2米,离底1.5米处.各月、季及年根均采用140毫米×80毫米及200毫米×200毫米的杉木板及涂沥青的碳钢各2块.文中定量数据采用4块板的平均值.此外,还在港外1号浮标上进行一次桂板(1967年7月15日至9月1日),目的是为了和港内挂板进行比较.同时,分别在港内两个浮标及港外一个浮标进行附着生物定量取样,并观察了从港内至港外7个浮标体侧和水线层的附着生物,特别着重观察茗荷儿的分布规律.从回收的75块试板及17次浮标附着生物定量取样中,共得640号标本.更多还原

【Abstract】 Wooden panels and steel coated with tar were exposed beside the floating wharf for monthly. quarterly, and yearly intervals during the period July 1967 to August 1968 at Qinglan Harbor (25°30′N, 110°50′E), Guangdong Province to study the fouling organisms and the buoys moored at the outside and inside; harbors were examined for biofouling ; (including species, percent coverage of surface, thicknees, and wet weight). Greater emphasis was laid on the composition, seasonlity,and biomass production of foaling organisms and on the comparison between inside and outside harbors for fouling communities.The major fouling organisms of Qinglan Harbor inside the panels are Electra anomala,Balanus reticulatus, and S phaera pomatus miamiensis. The settlement, of fouling organisms took place during all months, but there is a strong affinity at low salinity during monsoon seasons. The wet weight of biomass of animals averages. 130.0g/m2 per monthly 801.6g/m2 per quarterly, and 1755.5g/m2 throughout year. In short, the less number of species, the longer period of attachment, and the smaller biomass were the ecological characteristics of fouling organisms at Quinglan Harbour inside. The dominant fouling organisms of Quinglan Harbor outside were Megabalanus tintinnabulurn lintimabulum. The wet weight was, about 33 times greater than those of harbor inside of the same time.The fouling communities of buoys were found to be similar in composition tothose of the test panels. The wet weight of fouling organisms is very great(303.9kg/20.7m2) on the outside buoy.There exists a great difference in Voth-composition and biomass between the fouling organisms of inside Qinglan Harbor and those outside. It is due to the fact that outside harbor is near the open sea with high salinity and current velocity, whilst inside harbor is near the mouth of Wenchang estuary with low salinity during the raing seasons and with weak current only.更多还原