【摘要】 经拔顶的抚顺页岩油的喹啉可溶份改制沥青在400～480℃范围内以5℃/小时加热、保持时间为2—14小时的条件下焦化。用偏光光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了中间相的成梭、成长、转化、融并、变形和固化。在转化初期,中间相起始转化温度较高(430℃)。生成界面清晰的典型液晶态小球体的直径可达180μm。它具有好的流动性和形成各向异性的能力。后期中间相形成的曲线较陡,中间相体转为混有局部纤维组织的粗镶嵌形态,最终出现小区有序而总体无规的构造。讨论了页岩油的化学组成与中间相性质之间的关系。这个工作表明抚顺页岩油看来是一种有价值的、能得到石墨化性能良好的油焦的原料。为了生成针状焦的组织形态,必须改进裂解后期中间相性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 A pitch prepared by thermal condensation of quinoline soluble fraction from topped Fushun shale oil has been pyrolyzed at a heating rate of 5℃/hr in the temperature range 400 to 480℃ and then kept at constant temperature for 2 to 14 hours. The nucleation, growth,coalescence, deformation and hardening of the mesophase were examined by polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.In the early stage of the transformation, the initial mesophase nucleation temperature was relatively high (430℃). Typical liquid crystal spherules up to 180μm in diameter with clear and smooth interfaces were formed and they had a good fluidity and the ability of developing anisotropy in this stage of pyrolysis. In the later stage, the mesophase transformation curve was rather steep. The bulk mesophase settled into a coarse mosaic microconstituents mixed with some fibrous textures and eventually appeared orderly in small domains but random as a whole. Relations between chemical constitutions of the shale oil and the mesophase behaviour were discussed.This preliminary work suggests that Fushan shale oil seems to be a valuable feedstock in producing cokes of good graphitability, but it is necessary to improve the mesophase behaviour in the later stage of pyrolysis for producing acicular coke.更多还原