【摘要】 <正> 色素膜炎是一项眼科值得深入探讨的课题,根据国内资料统计,色素膜炎发病率为0.03％至5.9％,占眼病的第7—14位;其致盲率为1.4—9.2％,占眼病的第4—8位,以解剖部位分则占第4—5位。在英国注册盲人中系由于葡萄膜炎并发症所致者为2500/100000,且以30—40岁青壮年为最多(D Geraint JAMes 1976),可见本病属于致盲率不低的眼病。随着我国卫生条件的不断改善,外源感染性致盲眼病有所减少,非感染性眼病则将相对的增多,因此色素膜炎的致盲问题应予重视。关于本病较详细的致盲分析统计在国内尚较少见,为此,本文将十年来(1971—1981)的内因性色素膜炎门诊及住院病人236例(300眼)的致盲原因加以统计分析,供同道参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China, among the ocular diseases that cause blindness, uveitis ranks the 4^th-8^th; and in blindness by anatomic locations it ranks the 4^th-5^ht. Its rate of blindness is 1.4-9.2%. Therefore, the problem of the causes of blindness from uveitis needs due attention. There were 236 cases （300 eyes） from 1971 to 1981 included in this review. Before the treatment, cases of vision below 0.05 were 109 （121 eyes）including 97 cases of single eye and 12 cases of both eyes. The rate of blindness is 40.3%（121/300 cases）. No difference between different sexes （male : female=56:53）. Most of the patients（57%） are between 21-50 years of age. After the treatment, 61 cases（67 eyes）were still of a vision below 0.05, among them they were of single eyes in 55 cases, of both eyes in 6 cases. The rate of blindness is 22.3% （67/300 cases）. Males were more often involved （male : female=35:26） .Most of the patients are between 21-50 years also,that is,about 47.5%.The blindness in single eyes is 23.3% （55/236 cases）, and 2.54% （6/236） in both eyes.After the treatment, the rates of blindness of different types of uveitis were 46.3%（31/67） in chronic pan-uveitis, 25.3%（17/67）in chronic anterior uveitis, 18% （12/67） in acute uveitis, and 9% （6/67） in acute anterior uveitis. There were 18% （12/67） of non-curable blind cases among chronic anterior and pan-uveitis, but only 7.4% （5/67） among acute anterior and pan-uveitis. Therefore, the prognosis is better in acute cases （especially in the anterior type） than the chronic.The causes of blindness in uveitis were mainly due to complications, they were: cataract, secondary glaucoma, disorders in fundus and atrophy of the eyeball. In chronic cases, the number of complicated cataract and occlusio pupillae was higher; the ocular hypertension（due to disturbance in the angle of the anterior chamber） was also very difficult to control; and atrophy of the eyeball and intraocular inflammation were about 2.3% （7/300）.As for the treatment, it is proposed emphatically to control the acute inflammation as early as possible.更多还原