【摘要】 关于枇杷的原产地,以往学者意见不一,通过作者的研究,证实枇杷原产我国,湖北长阳及四川汉源一带,就是原产中心之一。原生枇杷在长阳一带,分布很广很密,大多生在海拔600米以下的阔叶树林间。原生地气候温暖,土壤湿润沥水,阳光不强烈。在阔叶林间,常同时存在有野生、比较进化及半栽培性各种类型,说明在大自然状态下,都在不断进化着,在长江下游各产区之所以有高度进化的优良品种,概与生长地环境条件改变及人工选择有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 1. So far as the native loquats is concerned, no agreement has been established among the earlr workers. As a survey by the author, we found that a lot of native lqouats distributed on the mountains along the Ching-Kiang river(HuBei province). According to the literatures, there were also lots of loquats had been found along the Wu-Kiang river (Szechuan province). As mentioned above, we believed that the upper yangtze river is the native home of loquats.2. The highest elevation of loquats growing along the two sides of Ching-Kiang river, Chang yong, HuBei, up to 700m. most of them are located over the area between 140—400m. less in the area of 600—700m., no loquats can be found above 70Om. The indicator plants of loquats are palm and water bambe.3. The morphological distribution of native loquat plants providing the following characteristies: ①The more will be found near to the river, less distributed away from river; ②more on the stony mountains, less on the slope; ③more on the baseland and middle area of the mountains, Less on the top or ridge; ④more distributed in the broad leaf forest, but less will be found in the needle forest. So we came to the conclusion that the favorable condition for loquat growing should be a warming environment, moist and good drainage soil, without strong sun shine.4. Based on the degree of plant evolution processes, loquats may be classified into three types as wild, more advanced and semi-cultivated. All the wild types with small, thin and hairy leaves, under-deveroped leaf-teeth, inconspicuous veins, the multiple fruits are small and thiek located, thin flesh, sour and astringent in taste. As the more developed types, with more large thicked leaves, leaf-teeth became larger and more in number, less hairy, fruits became more enlarged and fleshy, the flesh color changed from yellow to red or white, skirt decreased in thickness, the fruit became juicy, sweet in taste. these changes of characteristies must be the results of environmental modification and plant selection.更多还原