【摘要】 <正> 鸭嘴蛤科(Laternulidae)的种类,广泛分布在我国沿海,数量很多。其肉可供食用,亦可作家畜、家禽、鱼虾类的饲料和农用肥料,具有一定的经济价值。 本科的主要特征是:外形似鸭嘴状,壳质薄脆、半透明,具云母光泽。两壳壳顶紧密接近,各具横裂一条。壳表无放射肋,具有同心生长纹和粒状突起。铰合部无齿,但具从壳顶斜行向后的薄片隔板。韧带槽呈匙状,韧带介于其中。大多数种类在匙槽前方,具有更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is a systematic study of the Laternulidae (Bivalvia) of the Chinese waters. A total of 630 specimens collected from 192 localities along the coast during 1950-1979 were studied. Five species belonging to 2 subgenera were identified, namely:1. Laternula (Exolaternula) marilina (Reeve)2. Laternula (Exolaternula) truncata (Lamarck)3. Laternula (Exolaternula) nanhaiensis sp. nov.4. Laternula (Laternula) anatina (Linnaeus)5. Laternula (Laternula) boschasina (Eeeve)The first 3 species, belonging to subgenus Exolaternula are with lithodesma; while the last 2 species, belonging to subgenus Laternula, without lithodesma.Of these species, L. (E.) truncata and L. (E.) nanhaiensis sp. nov. are found to occur in the Bast China Sea and the South China Sea. Three other species, L. (E.) marilina, L. (L.) anatina and L. (L.) boschasina are widely distributed along the coast of China.The description of the new species is given below:Laternula (Exolaternula) nanhaiensis sp. nov.Shell elongately oblong, thin, subhyaline, dull white, concentrically rudely wrinc-kled. Anterior margin rounded, posterior margin constricted and attenuated. Left value fatter than the right, moderately gapping. Umbones situated near the center, slightly toward the posterior portion. Surface granulated, with ferruginated stain at the shell margin. Inner surface with a pearly sheen, hinge composed of a prominent spoon-shaped process in each valve, and supported by a "Y" shaped lithodesma. Pal-lial Sinus deeper, tongue-shaped at the end.Measurement height 23 mm, length 47 mm, breadth 14 mm.Holotype (He pu) L80720, deposited in the Institute of Oceanology, AcademiaSinica.Paratype (Zhanjiang) L80721, deposited in the Zhanjing Fisheries College.更多还原