【摘要】 玻璃形成区域通常都是处在玻璃生成体化合物较多的低共熔点区域内,因此无论对探索新成分玻璃或改进新品种玻璃的失透性能,研究这一区域的低共熔区及分相区与成分关系就成为一项很有意义的工作。 本工作是利用冶金物理化学在推导相图的基础上,从正规溶液的热力学方法出发,应用解析几何原理,定量地计算了一些硅酸盐、硼硅酸盐、硼酸盐及氟化物系统在高玻璃生成体区的共熔点位置。 我们用这一方法计算了三种类型的相图数据: 1.从两种化合物计算共熔点; 2.计算低共熔混合物与另一邻近化合物生成新的共熔点; 3.第三组分对二元玻璃分相影响的定量计算。 本工作得出如下结论: 1)从规则溶液的热力学出发,可以计算出玻璃生成区的共熔点位置。 2)通过将低共熔混合物看成是“准化合物”并用其热力学参数如熔化热、熔点,在加入相邻的第三组分时,同样可计算出新的共熔点。 3)可以用定量的方法,计算出第三组分对二元分相区的影响。 显然,这些结论会对研究新玻璃或改进这类玻璃的失透倾向有用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The glass-formation field is usually located at the eutectics between high glassformercompounds. It is therefore of great significance to study the relation between the compo-sition and fields of eutectics and phase separation and to explore glasses of new composi-tions and to prevent devitrification in new type glasses. On basis of the physical chemistry of metals in the derivation of phase diagrams andthe thermodynamic method relevant to regular solutions, we have located the eutectics inthe high glassformer field for silicates, borates, borosilicates, and florides with the aid ofanalytical geometry in the calculation. Three types of diagrams data have been calculated: 1) the eutectic of binary compounds; 2) the new eutectic formed from a precedent eutectic and a neighbouring compoundin a ternary system; 3) the effect of a third component upon the immiscibility of a binary glass. Our conclusions are as follows: 1) based on the thermodynamics of regular solutions, the eutectics in the glass forma-tion field can be estimated; 2) by taking an entectic as a "quasicompound". and by use of its thermodynamicparameters, such as heat of fusion and melting point, the composition of the new eutecticcan be calculated as well when a third neighbouring constituent compound is added; 3) the range of immiscibility may be calculated quantitatively when the third compo-nent is added to a binary immiscible system. The above conclusions are believed to be of help in the study of new type glasses andprevention of their devitrification.更多还原