【摘要】 <正> 藻苔虫科(Flustridae Smitt,1867)隶于外肛动物门、唇口目、无囊亚目、软壁超科(Malacostegoidea Levinsen,1909)。主要特征是:群体为多列个虫构成的直立可挠的叶状体;个虫膜孔型,钙化弱;口盖未分化;前膜简单,占或几占整个前区;体壁薄,侧壁孔板单孔型或多孔型;鸟头体(如有)为代位鸟头体(vicarious avicularia);卵胞属内陷型(endozo-oecial type)。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper deals with eight species of Flustridae Smitt 1867 (Malacostegoidea,Anasca, Cheilostomata) colleeted from the Chinese seas.Among them five are new toseience.and two are new records from China.The generic status of Carbarsea is dis-cuseed and a key to the genera and species is provided in the Chinese text. The newspecies are described as follows and the type specimens are preserved in the instituteof Oceanology, Academia Sinica. 1. Sarsiflustra sinica,sp.nov.(Plate I,figs.A—C) Holotype: 59BBS008,South China Sea (19°00′N, 111°30′E),16 July 1959. Colony very soft, dark-brown, consisting of unilaminar zooids, and attaching ona substratum by rootlets given off at colonial base.Fronds consisting of 2-7 rowsof zooids.Zooids variable in both shape and size, each with a constriction at thedistal side.Proximal gymnocyst little developed, and cryptocyst wanting. Endo-zooecial ovicells assuming a tall ball in outline,their frontal surface convex and smooth.Vicarious avicularia elongated,the.elongatedly tabulated mandible having a fine pro-cess at its end. This new species is characterized by its very soft colony and by its mandiblebeing elongatedly tabulated and ended with a fine process,such a mandible being neverfound in other members of the genus Sarsiflustra. 2. Sarsiflustra anatina,sp.nov.(Plate I,figs. D-G) Holotype: 59BBS009, South China Sea (21°45′N, 116°00′E), 20 March 1959.Colony yellowish, unilaminar, and attaching on a substratum by delicated root-lets at tis base. Fronds consisting of 3-11 rows of zooids.Zooids usually cylind-rical and uniform in width throughout the length, and arched in their distal ends.Proximal gymnocyst developed,and cryptocyst wanting.Two kinds of vicariousavicularia which are few in nnmber.The mandible of axillary vicarious aviculariaduck-billed, that of marginal ones spatulate.Endozooecial ovicells larger,longer thanwide,their convex frontal surface with many radiate ribs. This new species bears a resembance to Sarsiflustra abyssicola (G. Sars,1872)in shape of zooids, but is distinguished from the latter by its well-developed ovicellshaving radiate ribs and by its two kinds of viearious avicularia, one of which is placed at the bifurcation of a frond and has a duck-billed mandible,the other situatedat the margin of a frond and has an elongatedly spatulate mandible. 3.Carbarsea meridionalis,sp. nov (Plate Ⅱ,figs. B, C) Holotype: 62BBE001, South China Sea (20°30′N,108°30′E),24 October 1962. Paratype: 62BBE002, South China Sea (19°00′N,108°00 E), 20 August 1962. Colonies small, yellow, flabellate, unilaminar, and attaching on substrata by meansof a stalk-shaped rootlet given off from ancestrula (in holotype and paratype) andseveral similar rootlets (In holotype).Zooids sexangular,rounded at their distal end,expanded at their middle portion, and narrowest at their proximal end. Proximalgymnocyst well-developed and cryptocyst wanting. Ovicells wanting. This new species is similar somewhat to the boreal species Carbarsea carbarsea(Ellis et Solander) in shape of zooids. In the latter colonies are attached on sub-strata by the terminal attachment disc of their short stalk,zooids are larger and havea well-developed eryptocyst,but in the new species the colonies are attached on sub-strata by many minute rootlets divided out by the terminal end of the stalk spring-ing from ancestrula,and zooids are small and have no cryotocyst. 4. Carbarsea oroentalis sp.nov.(Plate Ⅱ,fig8. D, E) Holotype: 76BBE008, East China Sea (30°30′N, 126°30′E), 26 June 1976. Paratype: 76BBE009, East China Sea (28°30′N, 124°30′E) 4 July 1976. Colonies yellow-white,unilaminar, and attaching on substrata by an elongatedstalk given off from ancestrula and redivided into numerous delicate branchlets at itsend.Fronds consisting of 3-11 rows of zooids.Zooids irregularly and elongatedlyquadrangular, and rounded at the distal ends. Proximal gymnocyst little developed.but cryptocyst well developed.Endozooecial ovicells larger,longer than wide, theirsmooth frontal surface flattened and with a large membranous更多还原