【摘要】 <正> 一、前言沼泽作为一种特殊的自然综合体,是自然地理学的研究对象,同时作为一种土地类型,又是可以开发利用的自然资源。由于泥炭沼泽中蕴藏着丰富的泥炭资源,因此,又把它作为矿产加以开发利用。近二十年来,随着国民经济发展的需要,在对沼泽的调查、研究、开发和改造过程中,在我国自然地理学体系中,逐渐形成了一门新的分支学更多还原

【Abstract】 Mire science is a new branch of physical geography in China and thehistory of study is shorter.So some basic theories and concepts are not veryclear and definite.Some ideas from foreign countries have been ussd in China,but they are not suited to the characteristics of out marshes.Because of vast and unbalanced mire distributions,scholars have twodifferent views on geographical regularity of mire distribution.Some hold thatmires are distributed intrazonally or azonally.Others maintain mire disributionis largely zonal.In this paper,the author cited some opinions proposeed by somescientists and examples showing zonal distribution.Author suggests that thedistributions of various types of mires are restricted by the law of naturaldifferentiation.Although mire develops in a certain zone,it does not occur isolately in thezone,and it is closely related to and interacts with around zonational ecological（?）nvironments.The natural complex in intrazonal environments bears evidence ofzonality.Therefore,the author considers that mire distribution possesses zonaland intrazonal characteristics.The unified theory of mire genesis has been used in mire study and regardedas basis of mire classification.Analyses of pollen and C¹⁴ dating indicate that the theory is only suitableto frigid temperate taiga zone.China’s mire has mostly remained in the stage oflow moor since the Holocene.There is not certainty of the law developing fromlow moor to high bog.The development law of mire not only depends on time,but also isrestricted by space and sites.So it is not suitable that developments of all miresare included in a unified pattern.Mire develops as multi-pattern.更多还原