【摘要】 <正> 地球的内热活动在地表上有三种显示,即火山喷发、水热活动显示以及传导热流现象(大地热流现象)。青藏高原只有一处活火山,且位于新疆境内的昆仑山中。传导热流测量对研究年青造山带的地壳内部活动十分重要,但在西藏高原上目前还不具备施测条件。因此,要了解西藏高原地热活动的特点,最简单可行的办法是实地调查水热活动显示。由于传导热流量异常和水热活动显示在地域上的相关关系,以及西藏高原水热活动显示的特殊性和地理分布上的广泛性,使得我们有可能根据水热活动显示来定性地探讨有关西藏高原的构造活动问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to field observations during 1973-1976 and laboratory studies, the authors found that all the geothermal manifestations in southern Xizang form a huge geothermal belt,which may be called the Himalayan Geothermal Belt(HGB) . It stretches from western Xizang to western Yunnan Province covering over one thousand kilometers .In this belt no active volcano occurs nowadays but there are very powerful hydrothermal activities .All the strong hydrothermal manifestations in HGB such as hydrothermal explosions, high-temperature geysers, boiling and numerous hot springs etc, bear the characters of those which usually occur at the plate margins rather than in the interior of a plate.They are thought to be the result of the underthrusting of the Indian plate along the Indo-Gangetic Deep Trough beneath the Eurasian plate.Hydrothermal activities along both sides of Yarlung Zangbo River are likely to be symmetric and the middle section of this River itself is a cold zone (no thermal spring issues) .This suggests that the Yarlung Zangbo Fault may play no part in the present-day hydrothermal activities within HGB but only is a fossil suture line at present.Hydrothermal activities occurring nowadays in southern part of the northern Xizang are but the remanent of the the activities when Yarlung Zangbo played the part of an active suture zone.When the suture zone migrated progressively to the south of the Himalayan Arc, the hydrothermal activities were developed in southern Xizang(HGB), while those in northern Xizang became old and feeble, and approached the dying stage nowadays.Some salt lakes were developed from these old hydrothermal areas in northern Xizang.These characters of the hydrothermal activities might serve as limiting conditions when any tectonic model of Xizang Plateau is proposed.更多还原