【摘要】 综合衢县、金华、江山、义乌及安吉五个地点代表性低丘黄筋泥的微生物学分析,浙江省低丘红壤的微生物学特性主要有如下几点: 1.在红壤的一般理化性状中,土壤pH值、有机质及氮素含量随红壤熟化程度的提高而有增加的趋势。 2.红壤中微生物总数随土壤熟化度提高而增大。各级肥力的土壤,均以细菌占最大优势。往往熟化程度愈高,细菌数量所占的比重愈大。反之,不一定是熟化程度较高的土壤。熟化程度低的红壤,真菌的相对数量较高,但在荒地中,真菌的数量也不超过微生物总数的5％。 3.红壤荒地的呼吸强度,在本试验条件下,二氧化碳释放量及氧吸收量均在20微升以下。随着红壤熟化程度的增加,其数值也增大。 4.在培养初期二周内,红壤的硝化作用强度随熟化程度提高而增大。后期差异不一定显著。硝化细菌在荒地中几乎不能繁育,其数量随熟化程度提高而增加。 5.红壤的纤维素分解强度,在试验条件下,荒地中布片失重量最大不超过13％。分解强度及纤维素分解微生物相对数量,随红壤熟化程度提高而增加。纤维素分解微生物种类中,在熟化红壤以细菌占优势,在荒地则以霉菌占优势。在纤维素分解细菌中,熟化度高的红壤,以噬纤维菌属(Cytophaga)及纤维弧菌属(Cellvibrio)占优势。在荒地红壤中,没有发现噬纤维菌属。分解纤维素的霉菌更多还原

【Abstract】 The microbiological characteristics of the red soils occurring on the hilly land of juxian,Jinhua,jiangshan,Anji and Yiwu Counties in Zhejiang province were summarized as following;1.pH,organic matter,and nitrogen in red soil tended to increase with the improvement of soil fertility.2.The abundance of soil microorganisms increased with the improvement of soil fertility.Among the microbial population,bacteria were the most abundant organisms in all soils.The number of bacteria was relatively higher in more fertile soils.The relative number of fungi decreased as cultivation went on,but it was always less than 5% in virgin soils.3.The respiratory capacity,measured with warburg apparatus,also increased with the improvement of soil fertility and both the release of CO2 and the absorption of O2 were less than 20 microlitres in virgin soils.4.During the first two weeks,the rate of nitrification of red soil increased with the improvement of soil fertility but in the later stage their differences were not significant.The nitrifying bacteria could hardly be propagated on virgin soils.The number of nitrifying bacteria was also positively correlated with soil fertility.5.The cellulose decomposing capacity of these soils,as measured by embedding cloth method,also showed positive correlation with soil fertility.In the case of virgin soils,the dry weight loss of the embedded cloth was not more than 13% at most.Among the cellulose decomposing population,bacteria(mostly Cytophaga and Cellvibrio)were the most abundant in cultivated red soils and there was no Cytophaga in virgin soils while Fusarium predominated in all soils.6.with the exception of virgin soils,the nitrogen fixing bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum could be found in all soil samples analyzed and with the most abundance.In general,a small number of Azotobacter Chroo- coccum could be found in most of the soils,while Beijerinck sp.was found 玱nly in some soils.7.As compared with the higher fertile red soil of Juxian,the chemical and microbiological characteristics of Jinhua,Jiangshan,Yiwu,Anji soils of different fertility stages showed that there is a need to improve the fertilities of these red soils.更多还原