【摘要】 <正> 生物突变的研究,始于1909年T.H.Morgan在一群红色复眼的果蝇中发现了一只白色复眼的果蝇。不过,在一般生物群体中,自发突变频率较低,高等生物约为10^-5—10^-8,微生物约为10^-4—10^-10。 1927年,H.J.Muller用X射线照射果蝇;同年,L.J.Stadler用X射线照射玉米和大麦。他们都报道,通过辐射处理,突变频率获得显著增加,这样就开创了人工诱发突变——简称诱变。更多还原

【Abstract】 1.The phenotype value P of the quantitative characters is a linear function,that is composed of genotype value G,environment value E and mutant value M,namelyP=G+E+M.2.With the mutagenesis I,the population S would be decomposed into lethal part D,remnant part E and mutation part V,namely,S=D+R+V.3.The mutagenic distribution F(x) is a mixed distribution,which is compounded of the remnant distribution R(x) and the mutation distribution V(x),with the mutation rate p,namely,4.Suppose E and D are denoted for the mean and the variance of corresponding distribution,then,we have5.Suppose the production distribution of the starting strain is normal and the remnant distribution is equel to it,and further suppose the mutation distribution is also normal,then,the mutagenic distribution is called uniform.6.The mutation rate p,mutation mean u1 and the mutation variance may be estimated from following equationsThese equations cannot be solved by ordinary methods,because the last equation is transcendental.To solve this problem,aniteration method is presented by the writer.更多还原