【摘要】 大熊猫利用人工授精繁殖后代在我国首获成功,自1978年至1980年三年中,共输精16只,四只产仔。大熊猫原精液为乳白色,pH值为6.4至7.4,每毫升有17亿至20亿精子。在0～5℃下保存时用卵黄—葡萄糖—柠檬酸钠液稀释,原精液与稀释液的容量比为1:3或1:4时,保存效果较好,保存72小时后精子活率在30％以上。在超低温(-196℃)条件下保存时用蔗糖—甘油—卵黄液稀释,原精液与稀释液的容量比为1:3,滴冻后置入液氮中保存到二年时复苏后活率仍维持在入存时的水平。此外,还比较详细地介绍了雌大熊猫发情时行为、食欲和生殖器官的某些规律性变化。当出现求偶行为时,上述变化达到高潮。此时动物处在发情期,是输精的最适时间。北京动物园人工授精繁殖的四胎,均在此时输精。关于采精和输精问题,作者认为,输精比较难,其技术关键是准确地将精液注入子宫颈中,这对于提高受胎率是至关重要的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application of A. I. for giant panda was practised during 1978 to 1980 at Beijing Zoological Park, resulting in 4 of 16 inseminated animals pregnant and 8 youngs born. However, further studies seem to be needed to improve the techniques aiming at a higher conception rate. In the present investigation fresh semen with a motility rate of 75-80％ was diluted with a 1:3 or 1:4 v/v yolk-glucose sodium citrate extender. The motility rate after 72 hours’ storage at 0—5℃ was higher than 30％, whereas it dropped below 30% within 48 hours if the dilution rate was 1:1. The motility of semen which was diluted with sucrose-glycerin-yolk extender, 1:3 v/v, and preserved under liquid nitrogen for 2 years, could be compared with those right after this preservation. The whole oestrus period, including pro-oestrus, oestrus, and metaoestrus, of this mono-oestrous panda was recorded as 15 to 25 days in a year and, hence, to make sure of its oestrus period by observing the courting behavior would seem to be the crucial problem by our experience for the practice.更多还原