【摘要】 大豆品种间杂种优势是普遍存在的,不同性状有明显差异。在研究的19个性状中,单株粒重的平均优势最强,其次是叶柄干重。并按如下顺序递减:单株荚数,单株粒数,叶面积系数,单株根干重,总干重,叶片干重,分枝数,侧根数,主茎干重,株高,百粒重,经济系数,主茎节数,出苗-开花日数。开花-成熟日数和单位叶面积干重表现为低于双亲平均值。F₁杂种的出苗-开花日数,开花-成熟日数,百粒重,侧根数和株高与它们的双亲平均值呈显著正相关。单株粒重的增加主要依赖于单株粒数的提高,并与双亲平均值关系甚微。F₁代杂种的单株粒重,单株荚数和粒数与双亲单株总干重的平均值呈显著正相关。而 F₁代杂种的单株荚数,粒数和百粒重与双亲经济系数的平均值呈显著负相关。双亲生育期相差悬殊的组合 F₁杂种单株产量优势有较高的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The materials used in the present studies were originated from 17crosses which were made in 1978.The experimental results pointed outthat heterosis,while common in F₁ inter-varietal soybean hybrids,va-ried considerably with different characteristics.Among the 19 characteristics studied the average heterosis was hig-hest in seed weight per plant followed by petiole dry weight per plant,and that of the other characteristics decreased in the following order:number of pods per plant,number of seeds per plant,leaf area index,root dry weight per plant,plant dry weight,leaf dry weight per plant,number of branches per main stem,number of branch root per plant,drywcight per mainstem,plant hight,100 seed weight,economic cofficient,number of nods per main stem,days from emergence to flowering,date of maturity.For days from flowering to maturity and leaf dry wei-ght per square centimetre,F₁ hybrids manifested slightly lower than themid-parent.Days from seedling emergence to flowering,days from flowering tomaturity,100 seed weight,number of branch root per plant and planthight of F₁ hybrids were significantly positively correlated to their mid-parents.The increase of seed weight per plant depended upon that of thenumber of seeds per plant and had little to do with the midparent.The results showed that seed weight per plant,number of pods perplant and number of seeds per plant of F₁ hybrids were positively signi-ficantly correlated to the total dry weight per plant of mid-parent andthe association of number of pods per plant,number of seeds per plantand 100 seed weight of F₁ hybrids with ecomomic coefficient of mid-pa-rent were negative.The F₁ hybrids between parents of highly different maturity periodshowed a tendency of possesing higher seed weight per plant.更多还原