【摘要】 1973～1978年的田间试验结果说明:小麦茬棉田以采用麦棉套作较好,套作的合理配置方式以小麦播幅占地40%,预留棉行占地60%(畦宽4.0尺,小麦播幅占1.6尺,预留棉行占2.4尺,以下同)较恰当。这种配置方式六年小麦亩产418.0～611.0斤,平均491.5斤,比单作(麦棉轮作)减产15.8%。麦棉套作又以套作移栽的棉花产量最高,1975～1978四年亩产籽棉220.3～333.5斤,平均278.6斤,比收小麦后直播的增产28.1%,比套作直播的增产3.1%。棉花的适宜育苗期是收小麦前50～60天,从育苗到移栽保持30天左右,栽后在小麦行间的共生期不超过25天。更多还原

【Abstract】 Field experiments of intercropping cotton(G.hirsutum L.)and whe-at(T.aestium)were carried out in 1973-1978 at Jianyang County,Si-Chuan Province,China.Double cropping with winter wheat followed bycotton has been one of the most popular cropping system in some areasof Si-Chuan.In such areas winter wheat is harvested in early or midMay,while cotton is sown or transplanted in April.The two consecuti-ve crops are partially overlapped by several weeks.Thus,the total grow-th period required for the two intercropped crops is shorter than thatneeded for the two seperate crops grown consecutively.This involves di-rect sowing of cotton or transplanting of cotton seedlings betweenwheat rows before the tatter is harvested.The objective of this study was to determine the optimal spacing be-tween rows of wheat,the most suitable time for planting cotton,andwhether,the direct sowing or transplanting is a better practice.Expe-rimental data obtained during 1973-1978 indicatcd that when cotton andwinter wheat were doubled-cropped,intercropping was a better practi-ce,with 40% of the space allotted to winter wheat and 60% to cotton(i.e.,in a 133 cm.wide seedbed,53 cm.should be allotted to win-ter wheat,whereas 80 cm.to cotton).With this treatment,an average annual yield of 491.5 jin/mu wasattained during a 6 year period with the winter wheat,15.8% Iess thanthat with the consecutive double cropping system.However,transplan-ted cotton gave the best yield among the various intercropped treatmentswith an average annual yeild of 278.6 jin/mu during the period of1975-1978,28.1% more than that of direct sowing in aconsecutive crop-ping system,and 3.1% more than that of direct sowing in an intercrop-ping system.The most suitable time for sowing of cotton was 50-60days before the harvest of winter wheat and cotton seedlings were tran-splanted about 30 days later,leaving an overlopping period of about20-25 days between the two crops.更多还原