【摘要】 快离子导体(也称为超离子导体或固体电解质)是指那些离子电导率接近或超过熔盐(或电解质溶液)的一类固体材料。 近十几年来,人们对快离子导体进行了相当广泛的研究。日前这种研究的兴趣正在进一步增长。快离子导体物理学或固体离子学将成为凝聚态物理学的一个重要分支。 本文概述了快离子导体物理的研究现状。全文包括基本概念、实验测量和理论研究三部分。 基本概念部分的主要内容有:快离子导体的分类,结构条件,亚晶格熔化,动态特征,热力学讨论和模型哈密顿量。 实验测量部分的主要内容有:结构研究,电导率测量,非弹性光散射,核磁共振研究和其它物理性质的临界行为(如比热和声学性质)。 理论研究部分的主要内容有:晶格气体模型,连续随机模型和快离子导体中的相变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fast Ionic Conductors (Superionic Conductors, or Solid Electrolytes) are a class of materials which achieve ionic conductivities comparable with those of molten salts while still in the solid phase.In the recent decade, fast ionic conductors have been widely studied and presently the interests in its investigation are further growing. It may be said that Physics of Fast Ionic Conductors or Solid State Ionics will become an important subfield within Condensed Matter Physics.It is the purpose of this review to present the achievements already obtained and recent situations in the physical research of fast ionic conductors. It is divided into three sections:Section one, the Basic Concepts, consisting of classification of fast ionic conductors, structural considerations, sublattice melting (liquid sublattice, or sublattice disorder), dynamic characters, thermodynamical treatments and the Hamiltonian of models for fast ionic condnctors.Section two, the Experimental Measurements, including structural studies, conductivity measurements, inelastic light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance and critical behavior of physical properties (such as specific heat and acoustic properties).Section three, the Theoretical Studies, summarizing lattice gas models, continuous stochastic models and theory of phase transition in fast ionic conductors.更多还原