【摘要】 <正> 近年来,土壤的熟化实质问题引起了人们越来越大的注意。这主要是因为,揭示土壤的熟化实质,有助于定向地培肥土壤和有效地调控土壤肥力的演变进程。1978年,我们在先前工作的基础上,进一步对不同开垦年限、不同熟化度黑土的熟化实质问题进行了研究。本文着重讨论黑土的酶活性及其与土壤腐殖物质和其他肥力因素的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the activities of enzymes (catalase, polyphenol oxidase, invertase, urease, alkaline and neutral phosphatases) in black soils with different fertility and the correlations between enzymatic activities on the one hand and soil humic substances and other elements of fertility on the other hand are discussed. It has been shown that:1. Among six kinds of enzymes tested, most of the enzymes have significant correlation with soil organic matter or its components. Their activities can be used as an index to characterize the contents and status of organic matter. Polyphenol oxidase has negative significant correlation with C/N and humic acid/fulvic acid. Its activity characterizes the humification degree of humic substances. The activities of various kinds of enzymes characterize specifically or compositely the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous status, cation exchange capacity and aeration status. In addition, there are some definite correlations among various kinds of soil enzymes.2. In black soils with higher fertility, the activities of catalase, invertase and urease are inteuser and those of polyphenol oxidase and phosphatase are weaker than those in soils with lower fertility. It means that the activities of the former three kinds of enzymes can be used to characterize the level of soil fertility to a certain extent, and those of the latter two kinds of enzymes have a negative correlation with the humificafion degree of humic substances.3. The activities of soil enzymes (except that of polyphenol oxidase) are weakened with the depth of soil.It seems that as for black soils, enzymatic activities can be used as a supplementary index to characterize the degree of soil cultivation.更多还原