【摘要】 <正> 一、前言 当代能源问题的主要症结是石油贮量和供应的不足。开发页岩油这一庞大的石油后备资源,是补充这种不足的一个现实而经济的途径。 在页岩油的各种加工方法中,焦化占有重要的地位。我国抚顺页岩油生产的釜式焦,是一种优质石油焦。但对它的焦化机理,却缺少系统的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 A quinoline soluble pitch from topped Fushun shale oil was pyrolyzed with a heating rate 5℃/hr in the temperature range 455 to 480℃ and a holding time varying from 2 to 14 hours. The formation, orientation, coalescence, deformation, and hardening of the mesophase were examined by polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In the early stage of the transformation, the initial formation temperature of the mesophase was relatively high (430℃). Typical liquid crystal spherules up to 180μm in diameter with clear and smooth interfaces were formed in the matrix, which had a good fluidity and the ability of development of anisotropy in this stage of pyrolysis. In the later stage, the mesophase transformation curve was rather steep. The bulk masophase settled into a coarse mosaic microconstituents mixed with some fibrous textures and eventually appeared orderly in domains and but random as a whole. Relations between chemical constitutions of the shale oil and the mesophase behaviour were discussed. This preliminary work suggests that Fushun shale oil seems to be an valuable feedstock in producing cokes of good graphitabilit y, but it is necessary to improve the mesophase behaviour in the later stage of pyrolysis for the purpose, of producing an acicular coke.更多还原