【摘要】 <正> 海草场是一类具有高度生产力的浅海生态系统(菊池泰山,1973)其主要的结构成分是海草。海草是只适应于海洋环境生活的维管束植物,属于沼生目(Helobiae),目前共发现有12属,其中9属是眼子菜科(Potamogetonaceac),3属归水鳖科(Hydrochartaceae)。分布在我国的有大叶藻(Zostera),虾形藻(Phyllospadix),二药藻(Halodule),海神草(Cymo-更多还原

【Abstract】 Sea-grasses are aquatic angiosperms completely adapted to live in the marine environment. The number of species is rather small, about 50, belonging to 12 genera in the order of Helobiae, 9 of them belong to Potamogetonaceae and the other 3 to Hydrochar taceae.According to our own survey, The beds of Thalassia Enhalus and Cymodocea, are distributed in the tropicol seas around the islands of Hainan and Xisha, while the beds of Zostera and Phyllospadix are widely distributed in the temperate seas of Shandong, Hebai and Liaoning provinces. The distribution of Halophila and Halodule beds extend their area from tropical seas of Hainan and Xisha Islands to subtropical seas of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.The production of the beds of Thalassia is estimated at 500-1500 gc/m2-year, the production of Phyllospadix iwatensis is 696 gc/m2-year; while Hat of Zostera marina is 564 gc/m2-year; and of Z. caespitosa is 432 gc/m2-year.Development or dynamic zonation is more commonly called plant succession, because starting from bare ground one can observa a series of communities that succeed one another until the final or climax community is attained. Following the scheme of Hartog, we had subdivided the sea-grasses of China into five growth forms (Parvozosterids, Magnozosterids, Syringodiids, Enhalids and Halop-hilids). Each growth form has its distinct ecological features, therefore its succession is not the same.Thalassia may be generally regarded as a climax stage in the succession, while Phyllospadix beds is only a transitionl stage to the kelps except in our country. The most simple succession is that of the Zostera beds. In that case the pioneer stage is the climax stage at the same time.The structure and functioning of sea-grass beds in China are briefly discussed. Algae flora and invertebrate fauna in sea-grass beds have been studied, and the significance of sea-grasses beds for the conservation of inshore fishery resources has been indicated.更多还原