【摘要】 根据野外调查和土壤理化分析、差热分析。X射线分析等资料,说明西天目山南坡土壤具明显富铝化特征,硅铝率2左右,粘土矿物以高岭石为主,并含较多三水铝矿,酸性强、活性铝含量较高,土壤剖面呈明显的黄化特征,故统属黄壤类土壤。从山顶到山麓又可续分为山地漂灰黄壤、山地表潜黄壤和山地黄壤等亚类。 从1959和1980年两次相距21年的观察和测定,说明西天目山森林生态系统处于缓慢的动平衡中。森林生物群落主组分生物量的增长,导致森林郁闭度、残落物和土壤蓄水量的增长,自然水不断对土壤进行盐基淋洗和酸化作用,而土壤的变化又反过来影响森林群落的组成和结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 The West Tianmu Mountains, located in north-western Zhejiang Province, are among the National Nature Protection Areas in China.According to the data obtained from a number of field observations,soil chemical and physical analyses, clay differential thermal analyses, and X-ray diffraction pattern and microscope electron examinations, it has been found that the soils in this mountain area are of a distinct allitic character,the silica-alumina ratio approximating to 2. Among the clay minerals,kaolinite is dominant, gibbsite being the second in importance. The soils show strong acid reaction, with a high content of active aluminuin. The soil morphological features conform to those of the Yellowish character.According to the soil features and the national conditions, they are considered to belong to the great soil group of the Mountain Yellow Earth.The soils from mountain top to the foot (the altitude of 1507 to 400M.above sea level), can again be divided into three main subgroups: Mountain Bleached-podzolied Yellow Earth, Mountain Surface Glei Yellow Earth and Yellow Earth.We got chances to make observation there twice respectively in the year of 1959 and of 1980. A comparison of the results shows that the forest ecological system there is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The increase of forest biomass has led to the increase of residues, soilhumus and soil water capacity. The soil base contents are decreased by leaching water. As a result, the soil acidity is increased. The changes of soil property, in turn, have had some effect on the components and structures of the forest colonies.更多还原