【摘要】 本文利用X射线衍射分析、显微分析和显微硬度测定研究了Ni-8.5P和Ni-13.5 P合金的镀态和热处理态的组织结构和性能。所得结论如下:（1）Ni-8.5 P和Ni-13.5 P合金在镀态下均为非晶态结构;（2）Ni-8.5 P非晶态合金在523K加热1小时,便有磷在镍中的固溶体析出,而在588K以上加热1小时则转变为镍和Ni₃P稳定相;（3）Ni-13.5 P非晶态合金在573K进行1小时加热时形成亚稳相Ni_xP_y,而在723K以上加热时则转变为镍和Ni₃P的稳定相;（4）电镀镍磷合金硬度的急剧增高是Ni₃P形成的结果;（5）镀覆镍磷合金的高速钢刀具具有较高使用寿命的主要原因是晶化镍磷合金组织的高度弥散性及其高的硬度和热硬性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure and property of electrodeposited and post heat-treated Ni-P alloys with 8.5%P and 13.5%P were investigation by X-ray diffraction, microscopy and microhardness determination. The results obtained are summarized as follows: （1） The as-deposited structures of the two alloys investigated are both amorphous. （2） in the Ni-8.5P amorphous alloy, a solid solution of phosphorous in nickel precipitates at 523K and a mixture of Ni and Ni₃P forms at temperatures above 588K. （3） in the Ni-13.5P amorphous alloy, a metastable phase Nix Py precipitates at 573K and a mixture of stable phases Ni and Ni₃P forms at temperatures above 673K. （4）The abrupt increase of microhardness in heat treated Ni-P alloys is due to the formation of Ni₃P. （5） The high durability of Ni-P electrodeposited high speed steel tools is attributed to a fine dispersion, high hardness and red hardness of crystallized structure of Ni-P alloys.更多还原