【摘要】 <正> 1972至1973年间,中国科学院海洋研究所贝类实验生态组,在烟台与有关单位对贻贝人工育苗向生产过渡问题作过探讨。实验结果显示了人工育苗在生产上应用的可能性,并指出在幼虫培养密度适当增加、饵料供应及换水量更加充分的情况下,育苗池的单位水体产量可能会有较大幅度的提高。1974至1975年间,在青岛进行了生产规模的育苗试验,在扩大培育水体、改进育苗技术、提高单位产量等方面取得了新进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment under discussion was carried out in Quingdao, 1975, and focused on the enlargement of water body, improvement of rearing conditions and rearing at a reasonable density. The results showed that the output of the spats (shell-length 385-1198 μ) in the high-yield tank reached 3.6×107 pes./10 m3 water body and the average output per tank was at a stable figure of 1×107 pcs./10 m3 water body.Our methods were as follows: a 10 m3 concrete tank, buried half in the ground, the density of the fertilized eggs was kept at 345 pcs./ml water body and the rate of hatching at 96.2%. Spat rearing Commenced with the first appearance of the straight-hinged larvae. The density of the spats in the rearing tank was kept at 63 pcs./ml of water body as measured when the tank was full. Before entering into the tank, the water was left to stagnate for 1/2-1 day and filtered through a sieve of No. NX 103. An innovated tubular water-exchanger was used for the replacement of water. The volume of water replaced each day was 30-90% (Fig. 1). The water temperature during the rearing period was kept between 12.0-19.5℃. The salinity was roughly 30-32%. Illumination intensity was bellow 500 luxes. The larvae were fed with Phaeodactylum tricornu-tum Bohlin, Platymonas subcordiformis (Wille) Hazen and the suspension solution of yeast tablets. The feed rationed per day was approximately 30,000-40,000 cells of P. tricornutum and 5,000 cells of P. subcordiformis per ml of the rearing water or 0.2-0.6 ppm of yeast tablets (Fig. 2). Tank water was stirred thoroughly several times a day.In the rearing process, a syphon drainer was used for cleaning up the bottom of the tank once or twice. The water thus drained was first allowed to settle and then filtered so that the larvae on the upper layer of the water were separated and put back to the tank. Each draining resulted in a discharge of 1/10 of the volume of water in the tank. As usual, palm rope mattings[1] were used both as the collecting material and as the settling place for the spats. 163 pieces of such mattings were put into the tankThe results from the above method showed that the growth and metamorphosis of the larvae were normal, and the rate of spats produced was 5.7% (Fig. 3), and the output reached 3.6X×107 pcs./10 m3 (Table 1), which was 2.8 times the output in the past. We believe that if a deeper (1.5m) and bigger (20m3 or more) tank with flowing water could be used, the result would be even more satisfactory.更多还原