【摘要】 共调查了土家族青年学生960人的 ABO、P 及 Rh 等血型系统,结果表明在 ABO 血型系统中,表现型频率的次序为 A>O>B>AB 型,而基因频率的次序为 O 基因>A 基因>B 基因。P 血型的表现型频率,P₁远高于 P₂,但其基因频率却相反,P₂高于 P₁。在我们调查的930例 Rh 血型中各表现型频率的次序为 CCDee>CcDE>ccDE>CeDee>CCDE>ccDee>CCdE 及 ccdee·Rh阳性占99.78%,Rh 阴性仅占0.22%。基因频率的次序为 R¹>R²>r>R⁰>R^z·r′、r″及置 r^y 为O。我们将调查结果与上海生物制品研究所血型组的调查结果作了较详尽的比较,并指出土家族与各民族间某一血型的表现型分布上的差别以及基因频率的差别的显著性基本上一致,但也有个别不尽相同的情况。此外,本文还讨论了土家族 P 血型 P₁远多于 P₂而 P₁基因频率反较 P₂为小的可能原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 A survey of the distribution of ABO,P and Rh blood groups was made among960 primary and middle school students of Tujia Minority in Luota,Xiche andMiaoshi Communes in Longshan county.Slide method was used for the identificationof ABO and P blood groups and direct bromelin method,for Rh blood group.Thedistribution of ABO blood group system in The Minority of Tujia is shown inTable 1.The sequence of the frequencies of phenotypes is A>O>B,AB.As for thegene frequencies,the sequence is O>A>B.In view of the frequencies of the pheno-types of P blood group system,P₁ is much more frequent than P₂（Table 2）,on thecontrary,the gene frequency P（gene of P₂）is higher than P（gene of P₁）（Table 4）.As for the Rh blood group,among 930 investigated individuals,we found only8 phenotypes.The sequence of the frequencies of these phenotypes is CCDee>CcDE>ccDE>CcDee>CCDE>ccDee>CCdE and ccdee（Table 3）.The rate of Rh posi-tive is 99.78% and Rh negative,0.22%.The sequence of frequencies of Rh genecomplexes is R’ R^e>r>R^o>R^z,while r,r’and r^y are zero（Table 4）.Detailedcomparisons are made between our results and those reported by the Shanghai Inst-itute of Biological Products（Table 5 to 8）.The probable reason why the frequencyof the phenotype P₁ is much higher than P₂ while the gene frequency is quite thecontrary is discussed in thits paper.更多还原