【摘要】 1978—1979年用“中国鉴别品种”鉴定我省8个地区22个县市32个水稻品种上的60个稻瘟菌单孢菌株,区分为7群19个小种。 1980年又鉴定了我省8个地区15个县市22个水稻品种上的48个稻瘟单孢菌株,区分为6群12个小种。 前后合计鉴定我省有7群25个稻瘟菌小种,其中有21个与全国联合试验组统一测定的小种相同(全国至1979年统一鉴定23个省、市、自治区的827个菌株,区分为7群43个小种),在其余4个(ZA3、ZA17、ZB23、ZB27)小种中,1个(ZB27)省农科院已报导[2],另外3个则过去未有报导过。本试验还明确了本省的优势小种为ZG1小种,出现频率最高(1978—1979年频率为50％,1980年为43.8％),这与全国统一鉴定的结果基本一致(全国鉴定结果ZG1小种频率为45.7％)。 我们筛选出“窄叶青8号”和“珍球矮11号”作为我省的辅助鉴别品种,在全国鉴别品种基础上增加这两个辅助鉴别品种,可进一步将优势小种细分为不同致病性的ZG1—1,ZG1—2,ZG1—3三个类型(亚小种),这样更能反映我省小种的实际情况。 我省主要品种与菌株间存在明显专化性。菌株可区分为侵染“窄叶青8号”(包括“新青矮”)而不侵染其他主要品种,以及与此相反,侵染其他主要品种而不侵染“窄叶青”的两大群。品种间的抗谱差异也很大。 试验结果为我省提供了一些可利用于抗病?更多还原

【Abstract】 Sixty isolates of monoconidial cultures of pyricularia oryzae cav. collected from 32 rice varieties in 22 counties/cities in 8 prefectures of Guangdong province in 1978-1979 and another 48 isolates of the same pathogen collected from 22 rice varietis in 15 counties/cities in 1980 were identified on the chinese differential varieties. The results sho wed that the former isolates can be devided into 7 groups with 19 races and the latter ones into 6 goups with 12 races respectively, while summing up, they can be classified into 25 races in 7 groups in total , among which the dominant race ZG1 and other 20 races are the same as those isolates obtainted from 23 provinces and autonomus regions and identified in the nation-wide coordinated studies ontthe pathogenic races of p. oryzae Cav. Among the other 4 races 1 have been reported by the Guangdong Acodemy of Agricultual Sciences and 3 have never been reported in the past.Two varieties, Zhai-Ye-Qing NO. 8 and Zhen-Zhu Ai NO. n, were screened to be used as supplementary differentials in Guangdong province for the identification of the races on the Chinese differential varie ties, so that the dominant race ZG1 can be further divided into three types with diffrent pathogenicity. They were designated as ZG1-1 , ZG1-2, ZG1-3 (subrace) . Thereby, it may better reflect the actual situations of the races in this province.Results of the experiments indicated that specialization between isolates of blast fungus and the major rice varieties of Guangdong province is very conspicuous. In the meanwhile, the isolates may be sepera-ted into two big goups. One of them may invade the variety Zhai-Ye-Qing (including Zhin-Qing Ai) but not the other mejor varieties; the other one is just contrary to it. spectra of resistance among varietis are considerably different.The results of the study showed that some vaieties can be used as sources of resistance in rice breeding. The results may also provied a theoretical basis and some concrete projects to make reasonable uses of some high yield and considarably resitant varieties for figuring out good combination or affective rotation in rice culturing in this province.更多还原