【摘要】 <正> 三河牛是个各类性状尚不统一的群体,与西门塔尔牛有一定的亲缘关系。据考察,在三河牛的各种头型的总数中,西门塔尔牛这类宽额头颅所表现的比例占32.4%。角相是牛种的标志,是一种具有隐显性表现的质量性状,据调查,在三河牛中占19%。但三河牛尻部结构不良,大腿部肌肉不够发达。据以往我们用西门塔尔牛与三河牛杂交,一代杂种有明显改进。当前全国黄牛改良过程中,发现西门塔尔牛的杂交后代具有耐粗饲、生长快,能挤奶、能使役的特点,对西门塔尔种牛的需要量极大。利用三河牛做基础来更多还原

【Abstract】 The chinese Sanhe cattle originated in Northeast China. As a result of cross breeding of Mongolian cattle with the Simmental, Friesian etc., nowadays some Simmental characters have existed in the appearance of Sanhe cuttle, one of them being the horn character. By the estimation of the gene frequancy and genotype frequancy of the Simmental horn character in Simmental X Sanhe cattle F₁, and making a comparison with the data of the genotype frequance obtained previously （1962-1985） in the Sanhe region, it is suggested that the Simmental horn character may be controlled by a recessive gene with multiple alleIes. According to the Hardy-Weinberg law, this recessive gene frequancy q in the Sanhe population was calculated as 0.1900, the genotype frequancy Q, 0.4358. And 0.5153 for q, 0.7179 for Q in the F₁ hybrid, and further in the F₂ population q is 0.8590 and Q is 0.9268 respectively. In combination with the other inheritance characters such as white face, coat colour, composition and muscularity in rear quarters, the horn character gene frequancy wouid be useful for estimation of the effectiveness of the cross breeding of Simmental with Sanhe cattle. The grading system would be the best means by which a chinese Simmental breed may be built.更多还原