【摘要】 <正> 陕西省是小麦条锈病常发地区。从1956—1964年九年中,每年都有程度不同的流行,其中1957、1958、1960和1964年出现过四次大流行,造成严重减产。1965年以来,推广了以“丰产3号”和“阿勃”为主的及“青春2号”、“武农132”、“生选2号”、“官村1号”等抗锈良种,其面积占麦田面积的80%。至1976年,我省关中小麦主产区,近十二年来基本上控制了条锈病的流行为害。实践证明,利用抗锈品种控制锈病灾害,是经济有效的措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Experiments on stripe rust resistance were conducted by means of race inoculation on mature plants of 2866 samples of Chinese farm and improved varieties and varieties introduced from abroad.The results showed that the stripe rust resistance of the varieties, whether they were farm and improved ones or those from abroad, would vary with the rust races and with the time of their occurrence. Thus, the authors are of the opinion that there are no such varieties as absolute infection, absolute medium resistance or absolute immunity. Generally, in the same variety, manifestation of infection, immunity and medium resistance might be observed to different races.The improved varieties with Jubileina-Ⅰ, Jubileina-;Ⅱ, Mentana, Cheyenne X Early Blackhull, Sigen Ⅱ, Abbondanza, Funo, Orofen, Cappelle Desprez as parent plants in crossing showed strong resistance to stripe rust and resistance to more races. Sibling lines had similar resistance; the parent plants showed resistance similar to that of the filial generation. The authors suggest that the varieties good for production should avoid being used directly as parent plants for breeding new varieties. It is also proved through the experiments that the variation of stripe rust resistance of varieties used in production is related to the number of races to which they are resistant, and the more the number of races they resisted, the longer time resistance will be retained.更多还原