【摘要】 中国白菜的种类和品种极为丰富。文中对白菜类的两个系统的确立以及对中国白菜类的并种、划分亚种、改变和归属变种等问题提出了讨论,概括为四点意见。 1.根据叶部形态性状和细胞染色体数目,将中国白菜类列入芥族 Junceae,可认为是东方系统的白菜类,它包括Brassica juncea和Brassica campestris两个种。甘蓝类列入甘蓝族Oleraceae,可认为是西方系统的白菜类。 2.芸苔属蔬菜中原来的 6个种pekinensis,chinensis,campestris,parachinensis,narinosa和rapa应该并成为一个种,因为它们的染色体数相同,能够互相杂交。这个并种学名在国际上已定为Brassica campestris,我们也应采用。 3.Brassica campestris可分为三个亚种——大白菜亚种ssp.pekinensis,普通白菜亚种ssp.chinensis和芜菁亚种ssp.rapa。亚种的学名都采用原来的种名。 中国白菜包括两个亚种,即卷心的大白菜亚种和不卷心的普通白菜亚种。二者都简称白菜,因而它们统称为白菜。 4.小白菜在我国北方是指未充分长大的作为春夏季绿叶菜食用的大白菜的习惯专称。更多还原

【Abstract】 l.On the basis of leaf morphological features and number of chro-mosomes, Chinese cabbages should belong to Junceae ( Tsen et Lee, 1942 ) which may be considered as a group of oriental series of cabbage, including two species: Brassica juncea and Brassica campestris.2.From the viewpoint of cytology and breeding, the six formerly named species of Chinese Brassicas-pekinensis, chinensis, campestris, para-chinensis, narinosa and rapa should belong to one species because their chro-mosome numbers are the same and they may be easily crossed each other, so that they should be combined to one species which had been entitled Brassica campestris abroad. As a general rule we should adopt it.3.The author proposes that some of the original species names such as pekinensis, chinensis and rapa may in order be lowered to be subspecies, while others such as narinosa , parachinensis, campestris may be lowered to be varieties by putting them under the subspecies chi-nensis.4.Chinese cabbages include two sorts or subspecies, one is a wrapping or heading sort called Da bai-cai(big chinese cabbage), pertaining to subspecies pekinensis, the other is a common or un-wrapping sort called Qing-cai or Bai-cai ( greens ) , which is pronounced as Pak-choi by our cantonese, it’s botanical nomenclature is subspecies chinensis.5.The author suggests the following key for chinese cabbage classification.1. Occidental group............................................................Oleraceae1. Oriental group.....................................................................Junceae2. Mustard...............................................................Brassica juncea2. Pe-tsai or turnip ......................................Brassica campestris3. Turnip....................................B.C. ssp. rapa nov.comb.(B.rapa)3. Pe-tsai4. Wrapping sort.......B.C.ssp.pekinensis ( B.pekinensis Ruprecht )5. Head-like type........................var. cephalata Tsen et Lee( var. vulgaris Mao ) 5. Not head-like6. Cylindric type............var.cylindrica Tsen et Lee(or Mao)6. Loose top type..............................var. laxa Tsen et Lee4. Common or unwrapping sort........................B.C. ssp.chinensis( B. chinensis L. )5. Plant upright ..............................var. communis Tsen et Lee( var.erecta Mao ) 5. Plant not upright6. Floral st.fleshy.................................... var. purpurea Mao6. Floral st.not fleshy7. Leaves reclining.....................var. rosularis Tsen et Lee( var.atrovirens Mao ) 7. Leaves not reclining8. Seed oil yielding .....................var. utilis Tsen et Lee( var.deifera M. ) 8. Not seed oil yielding9. Greens with tuberous root ......var.taitsai W.S.Lin9. Greens without tuberous root.........var.nipponsinicaHort.更多还原