【摘要】 本文对 X 射线应力测定中平行光束法和聚焦法的衍射几何进行了分析比较,认为两者在衍射几何上是一致的。为提高衍射线强度,从而提高应力测定的准确度,漫散谱线的平行光阑张角可增大到1.36°。实验及对结果的方差分析表明:光阑张角主要影响应力测定值;而定峰方法对应力测定值及应力测定误差均有显著的影响。应根据衍射线谱型选择适当的定峰方法。1/4高法及半高法具有较高的应力测定准确度和较好的谱型适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of analysis and comparison,it is considered that the diffraction geome-tries of the parallel-beam method and the focusing method arc consistent with each otherin X-ray stress measurement.The accuracy of stress measurement can be increased by im-proving the diffraction intensity.As a suggestion,the diaphragm angle should be promo-ted to 1.36°.The experimental results and its variance analysis show that the diaphragmangle influences mainly the value of stress measurement,while the methods of locatingpeak position have appreciable effect on both value and deviation.A proper method oflocating peak position should be chosen in accordance with the profiles of the diffractionlines.Generally,higher accuracy and better adaptability to most types of profiles may beobtained by using the half-height and a quarter-height methods in x-ray stress measurement.更多还原