【摘要】 自京郊分离的玉米赤霉菌（Fusarium roseum graminearum）BAU-z 8菌系的培养物（大米培养基）中提出了一种具有动物雌性激素作用的物质。根据其熔点、紫外和红外光谱等理化性质,被鉴定为玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone）。一公斤大米制备的培养基经接种发酵后,可提出1.4克的玉米赤霉烯酮结晶。本文报导了玉米赤霉菌的选育和培养,玉米赤霉烯酮的提取、纯化的方法,以及有关玉米赤霉烯酮的生物学效应的研究。试验表明,玉米赤霉烯酮可显著刺激小白鼠子宫增重和促进北京鸭生长。幼令小白鼠经用玉米赤霉烯酮油剂皮下注射,三天后剖检,其子宫鲜重可达对照者4—5倍,甚至7倍。北京鸭于填鸭开始时,每日口服含0.7mg 玉米赤霉烯酮胶囊,10天内其平均体重比对照者增约16.5%（P<0.01）未发现副作用。值得注意的是,我们发现已渡过春化的冬小麦生长锥中也存在类似玉米赤霉烯酮的物质,其生长锥的乙酸乙酯抽提液经薄板层析后,在硅胶薄板层析谱上有和玉米赤霉烯酮相同 R_f 值的兰萤光斑点,并可被 FeCl₃显紫红色。可是经含100ppm 玉米赤霉烯酮的 NaHCO₃水溶液浸种处理的冬小麦,于常温、长光照下分别播种于温室和田间后,仅观察到生长锥分化到二棱期,未见抽穗。看来玉米赤霉烯酮尚不能完全代替低温春化作用。另一方面,经浸种处理的墨西哥春小麦（Potam 品种）,在春季田间播种后,不但生长良好,而且比对照提前抽穗5天左右。关于玉米赤霉烯酮对小麦生长发育的效应的研究仍在进行中。更多还原

【Abstract】 An uterotrophic substance was extracted in crystalline form from the culture of Fusarium roseum ‘graminearum’ strain BAU-z8,which was isolated from infected grains of corn harvested in the western suburb of Beijing.According to its melting point,ultraviolet and infrared spectra and other properties,it was identified as Zearalen- one.About 1.4 grams of zearalenone was extracted from a culture of BAU-z8 growing on the medium made from 1 kg.of rice.The condi- tions for biosynthesis of zearalenone and the method of extraction and purification as well as its biological activity are described in this paper. The experimental data showed that zearalenone stimulated the growth of uterus of white mouse and the growth of Beijing duck sig- nificantly.The average uterine weight of young female mice treated with zearalenone by subcutaneous injection increaed 4-5 fold in 4 days as compared with the control.The average body weight of Bei]ing ducks fed with crystalline zearalenone,at the beginning of forced- feed,in gelatin capsules at a rate of 0.7 mg/day was about 16.5%(P< 0.01) heavier than that of the control in the 10 days. It is interesting to point out that a zearalenone-like substance was also found in the growing points of vernalized winter wheat seedlings. This substance has the same R_f value and fluorescence as that of the zearalenone on silica gel thin layer chromatogram.However,the win- ter wheat treated by soaking seeds in a solution of zearalenone,100 ppm.,dissolved in 0.5% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution,for about 2 days at room temperature did not ear when it was planted in green house or in the field at normal temperature under long day condition,though the growing points had developed into double ridges (spikelet primordia).On the other hand,the spring wheat(‘Potam’ variety of Mexico)treated with the same concentration of zearalenone eared about 5 days earlier than that of the control.Further inves- tigations on the effectiveness of zearalenone on the growth and deve- lopment of wheat are still in progress.更多还原