【摘要】 本文首次报道用对流免疫电泳法测定革螨的食性,试验结果表明:本法比较敏感,能测出单个血食革螨,特异性高,一般无假阳性,并能确定血源,故亦适于小型节肢动物嗜血习性的测定。讨论了影响结果的有关因素。对格氏血厉螨进行了吸血能力的实验观察,镜检刺吸率为58.5％,用对流免疫电泳法刺吸率为74.2％,提高了阳性检出率。采自黑线姬鼠窝中的格氏血厉螨、厩真厉螨,用兔抗黑线姬鼠血清作对流免疫电泳测定为阳性。在人们活动场所,可以找到游离革螨,用此法测出少数螨曾吸过人血或组织液。更多还原

【Abstract】 Counter immunoelectrophoresis was used for the first time in the determination of feeding patterns of gamasid mites. The results showed that this technic was sufficiently sensitive to be used to detect even a single mite with a minute amount of blood in the gut, and was highly specific with virtually no false positives to be found in those without blood in the gut. Thus, the method would be a feasible one for the identification of tiny hematophagous mites. Factors which might affect the results were discussed. An antiserum titre of 1: 20,000 or more was found to be desirable. The mites to be tested should be freshly obtained. In ease that the test could not be performed immediately, the specimens should be killed in hot water and then stored in moistened test tubes to prevent them from drying up.Observations were made on the biting activity of the mite Haemolaelaps glasgowi, in which 159 mites were allowed to bite the mouse through the skin of the tail. After 5 hours 93 mites, under the dissecting microscope, were seen with blood in the gut, the penetrating rate being 58.5%. Whereas the counter immunoelectrophoresis was found to be positive in 118 out of the 159 mites, the penetrating rate being 74.2%. These figures showed that the detection rate was significantly higher when the latter technic was used than the former. Of the 66 negatives diagnosed by microscopy, 33 gave positive reactions on counter immunoelectrophoresis. This finding suggested that at least a portion of this species did take tissue fluid instead of blood.Most of both Haemolaelaps glasgowi and Eulaelaps stabularis collected from the burrows of field mouse Apodemus agrarius showed positive reactions with rabbit anti-species specific serum by counter immunoelectrophoresis.Out of a large number of scattered mites collected from the infested areas during autumn and winter, 22 displayed positive reactions with rabbit anti-human serum. This indicates that free and scattered mites can be found in populated areas and a few of them have taken meals of human blood or tissue fluid.For practical use, the combination of microscopy and counter immunoelectrophoresis will increase the detection rate. The latter technic also enables us to identify the nature of ingested blood, and thus it may be of value for epidemiological investigations.更多还原