【摘要】 本工作以棉花、向日葵和藊豆为材料,用孚尔根反应方法,研究了不同发育时期的胚囊及受精过程中雌性核的DNA的状态;用吖啶橙诱导萤光法鉴定了在成熟时期的胚囊中表现为孚尔根反应弱或负反应的雌性核的DNA的状态;得到以下的结果:1.棉花、向日葵和藊豆年幼的卵细胞核和胚囊中央核都表现强的孚尔根反应,随着发育而逐渐降低对孚尔根反应的强度。棉花和向日葵在受精前的成熟卵细胞表现弱的正反应,胚囊中央细胞核是负反应的。藊豆的成熟卵细胞和次生核同样是负反应的。2.棉花、向日葵和藊豆的精子表现强的孚尔根反应。雌性核及雄性核在融合时期及其融合完成以后的合子核和初生胚乳核都表现正的孚尔根反应。在合子和初生胚乳核的第一次分裂前期反应强度增加。3.受精前表现为孚尔根反应弱或负反应的雌性核,用吖啶橙诱导萤光法检查,证明它们都含有DNA。4.讨论了在被子植物中成熟卵细胞对孚尔根反应表现为弱的正反应或负反应这种现象的原因,对雌性核中DNA的含量问题作了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The condition of DNA of sexual cells during development and the process of fertilization in Gossypium hirsutum L.,Helianthus annum L.and Dolichos ldblab L.,was studied by the Feulgen reaction method.Feulgen negative and weakly reacting nuclei of the female elements of mature embryo sac were studied further with acridine orange induced fluorescence method in order to detect the existence of DNA.The following results are obtained. 1.The young egg cells and young polar nuclei or secondary nucleus of these investigated plants give a strong positive Feulgen reaction,when they were newly formed. With the maturation of the embryo sac the Feulgen reaction of these female elements gradually weakened.At the time just before fertilization,the Feulgen reaction of mature egg cell either remained weakly positive (In Gossypium and Helianthus) or became negative (in Dolichos),but the polar nuclei or secondary nucleus always showed negative to this test in all cases. 2.The sperms of above plants always showed a strong positive Feulgen reaction during the whole process of fertilization.As the female elements undergoing fusion and having completed their fusion,they reacted positively to Feulgen again.When the zygotes and primary endosperm nuclei were ready for first division,Feulgen reaction intensified. 3.All these Feulgen negative and weakly reacting nuclei prior to fertilization showed to contain DNA by means of induced fluorescence. 4.The phenomenon of Feulgen negativity and dynamics of DNA of female elements are discussed.更多还原