【摘要】 麦秆蝇是华北春麦区的主要害虫,选育抗虫品种是一种有希望的防治途径。作者等于1957—1966及1973—1978年先后16年中,在内蒙几处生产、研究单位结合其原始材料及品种试验地栽培的春小麦品种,进行了麦秆蝇产卵情况及为害率的调查。先后共调查过32次,计共1372品种次,包括867个品种(系)。本项调查均以当时推广的丰产但不抗虫的品种为对照品种,1966年前是甘肃96号,1973年后是白欧柔。抗性比较根据品种的被害指数,即其被害率与对照品种被害率的比率,以对照被害率作为100计算,共分高抗、抗、中等、感虫及高感五级,其被害指数标准依次为0—20,20.1—40,40.1—60,60.1—80及≥80.1。共鉴定出高抗级28个品种,抗级的33个品种,另外,根据1—2次调查有81个品种被害指数很低,其抗虫性值得进一步鉴定。更多还原

【Abstract】 The wheat stem maggot,Meromyza saltatrix Linnaeus,is a major pest of sp-ring wheat in North China,and the utilization of varietal resistance is promis-ing for its control.In 1957-1966 and 1973-1978,the writers made 32 screeningtests on spring wheat varieties for resistance to this insect at various localities inInner Mongolia.On the whole,867 varieties had been tested,part of which hadbeen replicated for 3 or more times.The wheat variety used as check was the variety widely grown atthat time,high-yielding but seriously damaged by the wheat stem maggot,being Kansu 96in 1957-1966 and Bai-Ou-rou in 1973-1978.As the degree of infestation varied with years and localities,the standardfor evaluating the level of resistance is the damage index,namely the ratio ofthe percentage of infested stems of the variety to be tested and that of the checkvariety,which is calculated as 100.The level of resistance was rated into 5 gra-des:highly resistant,resistant,intermediate,susceptible and highly susceptible,with their damage inidices ranged as 0-20,20.1-40,40.1-60,and 60.1-80 or evenmore,respectively.Altogether 28 varieties had been judged as highly resistant and 33 as resis-tant.Besides,81 varieties showed very low damage indices in single tests,and th-eir potential resistance is worthy of further observations.更多还原