【摘要】 <正> 营养调查,在我国的南方,尚未有充分的报告。华南地区的气候与食物生产及生活习惯,与全国其他地区颇不相同,所以这种的调查是有它的重要性的。我们这次调查的目的,是针对广州地区一般正在生长发育最速的男女儿童,了解其食物营养及一般健康情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 A nutrition survey, was made in the spring and early summer of 1954 and 1955 on some educational and other children’s institutions in Canton. The report of this survey is divided into 8 parts: PartⅠ deals with the dietary phase of the survey; PartⅡ, with physical measurements of children of middle school age; and PartⅢ, with the clinical, findings of the children.The dietary survey included 9,010 people covering 15 institutions: 1 college, 6 middle schools, 5 children’s homes, 2 primary schools, 1 nursery school. A 2-to 3day dietary investigation was made by weighing and recording the amount of food raw and after it was cooked and the amount of food left. The number of people served was also noted. In addition, each institution was asked to keep a week’s record of the food eaten on forms provided by us in order to get a better picture of the habitual food intake. The nutrients were then calculated by using the Food Table of the National Health Institute at Peking.The clildren’s homes served 2 meals a day, but all the others 3 meals. Rice was the stable food, and in addition there were vegetables, some animal food and soybean products.As to the nutrients, the energy intake of all the institutions fell below the standard, set by the National Institute of Health, varying from 4 to 33％. This may be related to the sub-tropical climate of this location. It was chiefly provided in the form of carbohydrates, contributed by rice. Total protein intake also fell below the standards set by the National Institute of Health, and considering the fact that the subjects were mostly fast growing children, an adequate supply of protein, especially animal protein, should be of paramount importance.As to minerals, most of the institutions had average calcium intake between 300 to 500mg., meeting one-half to one-third the standards set for children of these age groups. The supplied of both phosphours and iron were adequate.The intakes of vitamins A and C were adequate when sufficient amount of vegetables, especially the green and leafy ones, was incorporated in the diet, but in some institutions these vegetables were lacking, or improper cooking methods were used, so that the adequacy of these vitamin intakes becomes questionable.The average intake of riboflavin fell far below the need, meeting only 1/5 to 2/5 of the daily standards of these age groups. This deficiency was substantiated by clinical findings. Thiamine intake ranged from 0.78 to 1.13 mg. per capita per day. The use of slightly polished rice and the practice of not washing rice before cooking greatly improved the intake of thiamine. The amount of nicotinic acid in the diet meat the standards of these age groups.Although the present dietary pattern used in Canton may be considered as fairly satisfactory, there is room for improvement which may be brought about by further application of scientific institutional management and the principles of the knowledge of food and nutrition.更多还原