【摘要】 本文指出,幼果在脱落时果实本身发生了一系列的代谢变化,如呼吸作用的下降,有机磷化物与多醣的趋向水解和蔗糖合成的加强等;并指出脱落对一定年龄的幼果可促使呼吸高峰出现。作者根据研究结果提出果实早期脱落是果实内部生理状态与代谢作用提前到达成熟与衰老状态的一种桔果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Studies on changes in respiration, phosphorus metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism associated with the abscission of young fruits were made with pear, apple and crab apple.After entering the process of abscission, the young fruits showed a marked decline in respiratory rate, while in some cases a climacteric rise in respiration was noted shortly after harvest. No climacteric rise, however, has been found in abscissing fruits under 10-days old, nor did it occurred in developing fruits during a period of 2 to 5 days after harvest. Thus it is obvious that the onset of the abscission greatly stimulated the occurence of the climacteric rise in respiration in detached fruits.An increase in inorganic phosphate content and a decrease in acid-soluble organic phosphate content were also noted during the process of abscission. The content of hexose phosphates also decreased gradually with the progress of the abscission process. The above results sug-gest strongly that the oxidative phosphorylation is reduced to a low level in abscissing fruits.With the onset of the abscission process, the hydrolysis of carbohydrates was enhanced. A rapid disappearance of starch and a concomitant increase in the synthetic activity of sucrose were occurred in abscissing fruits.The metabolic changes occurred during the abscission period of immature fruits were in many respects similar to those occurred in normally ripening fruits. It is concluded, there-fore, that the abscission of young fruits is a consequence of prematurely attaining to the state of maturity and senescence.更多还原