【摘要】 研究结果表明:(1)小麦6个品种8个性状中,绝大多数性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力均达极显著的显著水准;(2)一般配合力高的性状,既反映了亲本品种基因累加效应,也反映了较优亲本的传递能力;(3)从选择各一般配合力高的性状入手,在诸性状一般配合力各有高低而又可以互补的两亲间相互杂交,可获得综合性状较好、特殊配合力高的组合,达到提高选择效果的目的;(4)在判断组合优劣时,特殊配合力较超亲优势更有价值和更符合实际意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of general and specific combining ability of six parents with diallel crosses in wheat was made in 1975-1976 and 1976-1977. The main results of this study consisting of 15 diallel crosses combinations and eight characters of six parents were obtained as follows:1. General combining ability (g.c.a.) and specific combining ability (s.c.a.) are highly significant as shown by t-tests for the overwhelming majority of characters.2. The estimates of the g.c.a. of these characters show that these are differences between the same characters with various parents and between the same parents with various characters. For the larger g.c. a., the values of characters indicate that not only many characters of the F1 hybrids are determined by additive gene effects for parental elements, but that the better parent transmits its high ability to its F2’s. This phenomenon is not so prominent for certain partial characters, yet sufficient estimate of g.c.a. is necessary.3. Specific combining ability effects are highly diversified for all characters as well as for varieties. Moreover, the s.c.a. values very with different combinations of parents. Hence we may suppose that the crossing between the parents of characters of high effects of g.c.a. will produce compound characters of high s.c.a. of hybrid combinations. This suggestion may be of considerable importance in the practice of wheat breeding.4. According to the results of this study, it must be emphasized that s.c.a. may be taken as an identified standard for certain crosses in wheat breeding and may play an important role in comparison with heterobeltiosis.5. From the results of analysis, we come to the conclusion that "Hsu mon 3" is a better resistant parent to Gibberella zeae (scab); the high g.c.a.. and s.c.a. variance of the high yielding ability is associated with 72-629-1; and the s.c.a. of the early heading date, plant height and kernels per head are associated with "Jen dwarf early 21"; so all these varieties are good parents in wheat breeding.更多还原