【摘要】 对白菜型油莱（B.chinensis L）和甘蓝型油菜（B.napus L）雄性不育的花器形态进行了大量观测,结果表明:雄性不育油菜的花器存在着多种形态和育性程度的变异,初步可以分为六种花器类型。本文叙述了其中有实用价值的败药不育型的花器形态特征,分析了花器形态变异与育性的关系,提出了选育有效雄性不育油菜的花器形态指标:1.雄蕊不育性彻底稳定（以花药色浅呈坏死色泽,花药扁平即侧面无外凸增厚为主要特征。）;2.雄蕊可育性好,自然结角结籽率高;3.其它花器官形态功能接近正常。对油菜有效雄性不育的选育方法也作了介绍,指出 A₂I 是选育有效雄性不育系的主要研究材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Observations were made on the morphology of floral organs inmale sterile rapes,B.chinensis L.and B.napus L..It was foundthat their floral organs were different in morphology and fertility.On the basis of morphological features,the male sterile plants couldbe classified into six types.The completely male sterile type withabortive anthers was considered of practical value and described indetail.The relation between the morphological variation of floralorgans and the degree of fertility was analysed and a few criteriafor selecting effective male steriles were suggested.These include（1）stable male sterile flowers mainly with anthers light in color ornearly necrotic and flat in shape,（2）good fertile pistils with abun-dant pod—bearing and seed—setting ability,and（3）apparently normaldevelopment of other floral parts.For selecting effective male sterilelines,the breeding methods were suggested by the author.To theauthor’s opinion,the available material A₂I could be used to makehybrid rapes for breeding purpose,更多还原