【摘要】 本文证明水层灌溉及增施氮肥均有促进水稻生长及有关生理过程的作用,并能提高产量。缺氮时,水有补偿氮肥不足的效果,氮肥过多时,湿润灌溉则能控制生长和防止倒伏。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experimental work was carried out in 1962 at the Institute of Rice Research,ChunLiang Cheng,Tientsin.The rice plants (Oryza sativa L.var.Ying-fang) were grown in the fields with twodifferent water conditions:(1)the field was submerged with water about 8 cm.deep,(2)thewater content of soil was almost saturated.The nitrogen nutrition of each water conditionwas supplied by the following three different quantities:(1)without nitrogen fertilizer,(2)7.5 kg.of nitrogen per mou,(3)15 kg.of nitrogen per mou.The experimental results obtained are as follows:The yield of the rice plants which grown in the field of submerged with water was muchhigher than those which were without water layer at any level of nitrogen supplies.Whenthe water conditions are the same,the yield increases with the increase of the amount ofnitrogen.For example,the amount of nitrogen supplied with 7.5 kg.per mou,the yield of therice plants grown in the field without water layer was 371 kg.,but the yield increased to 450 kg.when the plants were submerged with water.The activity of the root system of the plants submerged with water was higher thanthose which grown in the field drained off the water and with low nitrogen supply.Theamount of bleeding of the plants grown without water layer and supplied with 7.5 kg.ofnitrogen was 337 mg.of water per plant within 12 hours,however,it was 646 mg.when theplants were submerged with water.The free water content of the plant and the rate of transpiration were also acceleratedby the increase of water layer and nitrogen supply.While on the contrary,the osmotic pres-sure and bound water content were decreased.The starch and protein contents of the plants grown in submerging condition are higherthan those which were grown without water layer.The activity of catalase is increased in dueproportion with the increase of nitrogen supply and the depth of water,but the activity ofperoxidase is decreased with the addition of nitrogen and the depth of water.更多还原