【摘要】 根据关中地区水文气象条件和棉花需水规律的研究资料分析,说明关中的气候和土壤资源完全能满足旱地棉花丰产所要求的条件。丰产示范结果进一步证明关中旱地棉田是能够获得高产和稳产的,其关键在于掌握自然特点,运用旱地丰产栽培技术,保证全苗和促进早期发育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cotton plantation in Shensi Province is mostly located in the droughty plains where,according to historical reasons,the cotton yields are low,thus the farmers are often hesitatinglyto choose this crop for their cultivation.According to meteorological analysis and water re-quirement studies,as well as to several years successive high yields obtained in the cultiva-tion trials,we are confident that the suitability of Shensi droughty plains for cotton growingis out of question.Through the analysis of our experimental data,the cotton field which gained a yield of50 kilograms per mu.requires 500—700 mm.of rainfalls through the whole growing season.In the middle part of Shensi,500—700 mm.of rainfalls is often concentrated during April toSeptember.Although the variability of rainfall frequency is common,but the yearly,rainfallbelow 400 mm is rare.Furthermore,the soil structure in Shensi is rather nice in keepingmoisture,provided that proper cultivation is to be practiced.In the droughty plain a soilwater content of 15% is recorded during March to May within the layer of 0—10 c.m.of thesoil and with even more moisture below that level whereas it makes a very advantageouscondition for cotton sowing and germination of seeds.Since 1955 to 1958,cotton cultivations in Wu-kun,Chien-shen,and Bu-chen had been de-monstrated with the yields reaching twice and thrice in comparison with the ordinary fields.Hence,the droughty plain cotton plantation has been developed considerably and a yearlyincrease of 54.4% in cultivated area and 128.1% per unit area yields had been obtained in theyears of 1958—1961,as compared with the economic restoration stage right after the libera-tion.The cotton growing in droughty plains is of great economic value to the native farmersas well as to the facility of agricultural mechanization.Owing to the fact that the availability of irrigation in Shensi is still limited in the recentfuture,it will be still an important measure to develop cotton plantation in droughty plains.更多还原