【摘要】 该菌是从我国南方豆饼酱中分离出的一株石油酵母。它具有毕赤氏酵母属特征:细胞呈圆形、卵圆形。营养繁殖为多边芽殖,有假菌丝,无真菌丝。子囊孢子呈卵形,光面,不利用硝酸盐,发酵葡萄糖。在麦芽汁中培养易形成白色干燥皱皮膜。此外,它有强嗜石油能力,同化和发酵葡萄糖,弱同化半乳糖和纤维二糖,不同化其他糖类,也不同化核糖、酒石酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸,这些与本属的近似种粉状毕赤氏酵母[Pichia farinosa （Lindner） Hansen]不相同,故定为新种——嗜石油毕赤氏酵母D₃[Pichia petrophilum Mu sp.nov. D₃]。该菌在发酵轻重混合馏份油品时,经40-50小时发酵,能使油品凝固点下降到-40℃至-50℃以下。该菌产子囊孢子,能有性繁殖,能耐25%的盐浓度,这些特性在国内石油酵母中是少见的。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new species of petroleum yeasthas been isolated from the food saltedin sauce in South China. The cells areround or oval in shape. They reproduceby multilateral budding. Pseudomyce-lium. is formed, without true mycelium.The ascospores have the shape ofoval and smooth wall. The cells do notassimilate nitrate, but are able to fermentglucose. A white dry wrinkled pelliclegrowth are usually formed on the surfaceof malt extract. All these characteristicsare in agreement with those of PichiaHansen. The yeast has a great abilityto assimilate petroleum. It does not fer-ment galactose. It weakly assimilatsgalactose and cellobiose. It does not as-similate maltose,suerose, lactose, meli-biose, xylose and ribose, tartaric acid,lactic acid, succinic acid and malic acid.It is different from Pichia farinose（Lindner） Hansen. Thus, the yeast ne-wly isolated is designated as Pichiapetrophilum sp. nov. Mu. Fer-mentation of the mixture of light andheavy distillate oil for 40-50 hours, theyeasts can lower the congealing points ofthe oil to -40--50℃. It producesascospores in sexual reproduction, andcan grow in a concentrated salt solutionof 25% salt. Of the petroleum yeastsin China, this one is scarcely found. Theyeast D₂ was isolated by Mu Chuan-jingfrom the food salted in sauce in Chang-chow Jiangsu, in October 1974. It hasbeen preserved in Xinjiang, Institute ofBiology, Soil and Desert Science, Acade-mia Sinica, and Dushanzi Petroleum Re-finery, Xinjiang.更多还原