【摘要】 <正> 近年来葡萄球菌的抗药性菌株不断增多,此种现象反映在带菌者与病人标本中抗药菌株之比率逐年增高,尤以抗青霉素者为然,故抗药性问题日益显得突出和重要。若干学者曾对葡萄球菌的带菌情况和抗药性问题进行了不少的调查和研究。据Gould氏等综合报告,一般成人之鼻带菌率药50％左右,医院工作人员之带菌率约65％。英作者Barber氏报告抗青更多还原

【Abstract】 A preliminary investigation was made on the state of the nostril carriers of Staphylococcus aureus among various groups of persons and on the sensitivity of the strains isolated to sulfathiazole, penicillin, streptomycin, chloromycetin and aureomycin from October 1956 to May 1957. The results show that the carrier rate of out-hospital persons group is 23.1% and that of hospital medical workers and in-patients groups are 42.7% and 51.3% respectively. This indicates that the carrier rate of in-hospital persons group is far higher than that of out-hospital persons group. The results of the sensitivity tests of the strains isolated from the nostril carriers disclose that the percentage of the penicillln-resistant strains is considerably higher than that of streptomycin-resistant strains. 21.4% of the strains obtained from the out-hospital persons group are found to be sulfathiazole-resistant and 7.1% are penicillin-resistant. From this group of persons, none of the strains isolated is found to be resistant to streptomycin, chloromycetin or aureomycin. 63.6% of the strains isolated from hospital housestaffs are penicillin-resistant. 27.5% of the strains derived from the in-patients are sulfathiazole-resistant and 47.2% are resistant to penicillin. Nevertheless, the strains isolated from the latter two groups of persons manifost various degrees of resistance to streptomycin, chloromycetin and aureomycin. The percentages of them also exist differently. Sensitivity tests were also carried out for the 42 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the patients’ specimen, i. e., blood and pus. Among them, 26.2% of the strains are resistant to streptomycin, 61.9% to penicillin and none is resistant to aureomycin. In comparing with the results obtained in 1954 by the Deportment of Microbiology of Shanghai First Medical College, so far as penicillinresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are concerned, an increase from 39% to 61.9% is noticed. This indicates that during recent few years, the percentage of penicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Shanghai district is increasing.更多还原