【摘要】 <正> 摇蚊幼虫是内陆各类水体中主要的底栖动物,许多种幼虫能忍受水环境的有机污染和缺氧,另有许多种幼虫不耐污染而需要大量的氧,还有某些种类的幼虫能忍受水中氰、酚、砷、铜、铬等等有毒物质。因此可利用它们作为水体营养类型和监测水环境污染的指示生物。而且对污水自净也有一定作用。摇蚊幼虫还是许多经济鱼类很好的食饵,但也更多还原

【Abstract】 The specimens for the present study were collected in Bai-Yang-Dian Lake Region,Hopei Province,during the period from Dec.,1963 to April,1965.A total of 19 species belonging to 14 genera and 3 subfamilies were obtained.Among them,two species are considered to be new to science,while Procladius choreus Meigen,Eucricotopus trifastiatus (Panzer),Paratanytarsus dissmilis Johannsen,Micropsectra logana Johannsen,Rheotanytarsus exiguus Johannsen,Endochironomus nigricans Johannsen,Polypedilum leucopus Meigen,Polypedilum scalaenum Scharnk,Cryptochirono-mus digitatus Meigen,Cryptochironomus fuscimanus Kieffer,Cryptochironomus (Har-nischia) viridula (Linn.),Glyptotendipes lobiferus Say,Tendipes (Einfeldia) insolita Walker and Tendipes attenuatus Walker are recorded for the first time from China.Only two new species are described in detail and the main morphological characters of the other species have been noted in the key.Clinotanypus microtrichinos sp.nov.Type:adult male,type locality:Sin-An,Hopei Province,collected by the authors,Sept.5th,1964,deposited in the Chinghai Institute of Biology,Sining.Paratype:4 adult male,collected from Sin-An,Sept.,1964Specimens of larvae:205 specimens collected from Yachuandian,Feb.,May,Aug.,Oct.,and Nov.,1964.This new species is closely allied to C.nervosus Meigen and C.sugiyamia Tokunaga,but differs from C.nervosus in having (1) microtrichia on wing membrane,(2) a middle dark brown marking on posterior cross vein,(3) the proportional length of 14th with 2nd to 13th antennal segments less than that of C.nervosus,(4) shorter body length and greater value of AR in full grown larvae,(5) smaller proportion of antennal length with head length in larvae.It also differs from C.sugiyamia in having 15 antennal segments; least value of AR in male adult; and presence of anal point.These differences are listed in table 2 in detail.Chaetocladius sexpapilosus sp.nov.Type:adult male,it was reared from larva by the authors on Oct.20th,1964, Sin-An,Hopei Province.Allotype:adult female,two were reared from larvae and three were collected from Yachuandian,Oct.,1964.Paratype:adults male,three were reared from larvae and twelve were collected from Yachuandian,Oct.,1964.A total of 107 larvae and 9 pupae were reared from eggs,and other larvae were collected from Bai-Yang-Dian Lake Region.The type,allotype,paratype and specimens of larvae and pupae are deposited in the Chinghai Institute of Biology,Sinin’g.This new species is allied to Spaniotoma (Orthocladius) akamusi Tokunaga,but differs from the latter in having anal point present and hypopygium with three pairs of appendages in the adult male.更多还原