【摘要】 在1961年及1963—65年,我们在北京和天津对十字花科蔬菜上的两种蚜虫——桃蚜Myzus persicae(Sulzer)和菜缢管蚜Hyadaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae(Davis)——分别在留种白菜、留种萝卜、甘蓝、苤蓝、小白菜、小油菜、秋白菜,以及春天的风障菠菜上进行了系统的蚜群分析。研究表明,在蚜群中出现有翅若蚜前,繁殖力有下降趋势;因而若蚜与成蚜数量的比值亦逐渐下降。降到一定的比值,蚜群中即将出现有翅若蚜。因此,可以通过系统调查,用统计蚜群中若蚜与成蚜的数量比,来作蚜虫迁飞期的短期预测。 数量分析表明:桃蚜出现有翅若蚜前4—6天,其若蚜与成蚜的数量比为2.17—2.91(95％置信限)或2.03—3.05(99％置信限)。菜缢管蚜有翅若蚜出现前5—6天其比值为8.56—9.76(95％置信限)或8.29—10.03(99％置信限)。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 1961 and during 1963 to 1965 a series of observations on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Hyadaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae (Davis) on cruciferous crops including seeding Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.), seeding radish (Raphanus sativus L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), broccoli (B. oleracea var. caulorapa Pasq.), summer rape (B. chinensis L.), summer and autumn Chinese cabbage and wind-break spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was carried out in Peking and Tientsin by analyzing the composition of aphid colonies. It was found that before the appearance of nymphal alatae in an aphid colony the reproductive rate used to decline at first so that the ratio between nymphs and adults gradually decreased. When the ratio reached to a certain level nymphal alatae would soon appear in the colony. Based on this finding it is possible to forecast the flight-dispersion of aphids by determining the ratios between nymphs and adults through continuous observations.The numerical analyses indicated that in Myzus persicae (Sulzer), the ratio ranged 2.17-2.91 (95 per cent fiducial limit) or 2.03-3.05 (99 per cent fiducial limit) four to six days before the appearance of nymphal alatae. In Hyadaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae (Davis), the ratio ranged 8.56-9.76 (95 per cent fiducial limit) or 8.29-10.03 (99 per cent fiducial limit) five to six days before the appearance of nymphal alatae.更多还原