【摘要】 黑绒金龟子为防护林区主要害虫之一,在东北地区每年发生一代,以成虫在土中越冬,越冬成虫4月上旬出土,4月下旬到5月下旬为发生盛期,成虫的发生消长和一定温度有关外,更大程度和降雨量、湿度关系更为密切,在通常情况下其发生高峰和多雨季节相吻合。成虫食性复杂,不同饲料对其取食量、产卵量、产卵期有很大影响,对于榆树叶的取食量最大、产卵量最多、产卵期也最长,其余树种则次之。幼虫有3龄,平均第一龄期19.29天,第二龄期14.96天,第三龄期31.42天。22—25℃温度范围的土层适合于1—2龄幼虫的活动。老熟幼虫潜入深层化蛹,蛹期一般为半个月,羽化后成虫在土中有升降活动,当年一般不出土,少数个体虽有出土活动或取食但不交配产卵。黑绒金龟子由于不同发育阶段受到不同温度的影响,在土层中有不同深度的分布。部分成虫可以经二次越冬,但第二次越冬后的成虫是否能正常产卵繁殖还有待进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Serica orientalis Motschulsky is one of the most important insect pests of forest andnursery in the Northeast China. The host plants include 149 species in 45 families, 116genera. The adult infests the bud, leaf and flower, causing a considerable damage tothe plant. According to the results recorded in the laboratory and also observed in the fieldduring 1958 in the west of Liaoning, the development of one generation of this beetlelasts one year. The earliest appearance of the adult in the field is in early April, butthe season of adult abundance in the field is from late April to the end of May. Thenumber of the adult emerging from underground is influenced by the local weatherconditions, of which precipitation and relative humidity are the most important factors.During the period when the adults are abundant, much precipitation and higher relativehumidity are favorable for the appearance of adults to damage the plants. Egg laying of the females begins in the middle decade of May to the first decadeof August. The maximum oviposition rate (50%) occurred in the last decade of Mayto the first decade of June. But the eggs deposited later than July cannot develop topupae and only survive to the first or second instar larvae. The number of eggs laid by each female is largely influenced by the condition ofthe host plants, among which leaves of Ulmus pumild L. are most favorable for ovi-position. The larval stage possesses three instars. The length of the first instar is on theaverage 19.29 days, second instar 14.96 days and third instar 31.42 days. The verticaldistribution of the first and second instar larvae is in generally 15--25 cm. underground,which is influenced by soil temperature. The favorable soil temperature for the activityof larvae is between 22--25℃. The mature larvae enter into the ground and formoval-shaped pupual chamber. The adults, after emergence at the end of August, do not appear to the surface ofthe ground in the same year. Though sometimes a few adults may appear to the surfaceof the ground and take host plant leaf for their food in the same year, these adults can-not copulate and lay eggs. The adults overwinter about 40--60 cm. underground.更多还原