【摘要】 1.本文主要研究松毛虫卵的两种黑卵蜂(Telenomus dendrolimusi Chu及Teleno-mus sp.,Scelionidae,Hymenoptera)的生物学特性;及1954—55年江苏南京和浙江常山等地林间的寄生情况,同时对松毛虫卵及黑卵蜂的冷藏也进行了试验。 2.两种黑卵蜂中,松毛虫黑卵蜂(Telenomus dendrolimusi Chu)与毒蛾黑卵蜂(Telenomus sp.)不但在形态上有所不同。而且在生活习性及各期虫态对低温的反应上亦各异,证明它们确系不同的两种。毒蛾黑卵蜂在我国系首次记载寄生于松毛虫卵中,现知在江苏南京、江宁,浙江常山及广东广州均有分布,在南京的黑卵蜂中占80％以上。 3.毒蛾黑卵蜂以幼虫态在寄主卵内越冬,利于冬季生存。越冬代成虫羽化时间接近松毛虫第1代卵出现期。且有松毒蛾(Lymantria sp.,Lymantriidae,Lepidoptera)作为补充寄主。这些特性均较松毛虫黑卵蜂为优。 4.室内外饲育结果,知松毛虫黑卵蜂在南京年可发生10—12代,毒蛾黑卵蜂年有8—9代,性比雌蜂占80％左右,毒蛾黑卵蜂破坏寄主卵粒平均为30粒左右比松毛虫黑卵蜂平均15粒左右为高。产卵期较集中,且在室内容易繁殖。 5.从发育1天的松毛虫卵冷藏于4℃冰箱中1个月不影响毒蛾黑卵蜂的寄生发育。毒蛾黑卵蜂在4℃冰箱中冷藏,以老熟幼虫为最好,冷藏1个月后,对其产生后代数无影更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports on biological investigations on two Scelionid egg-parasites,Telenomus dendrolimusi Chu and Telenomus sp., of the pine caterpillar (Dendroli-mus punctatus), and their parasitization under field conditions at Nanking, Kiangsuand Changshan, Chekiang during 1954 to 1955. The effect of cold storage on theeggs both of pine caterpillar and the parasites is discussed. Telenomus dendrolimusi is the well-known egg parasite of pine caterpillar inChina. Formerly there was no knowledge that Telenomus sp. parasitizes the cater-pillar egg in China, and this is the first report of its parasitization. Differences bothin the morphological characters and physiological reactions of the adult and larvaof Telenomus dendrolimusi and Telenomus sp. show that they are two different spe-cles. According to data at hand, Telenomus sp. is distributed in Nanking, Kianin,(Kiangsu Province), Changshan(Chekiang Province) and Canton(Kwangtung Pro-vince). It forms about 80% of the two Scelionids found in Nanking. Telenomus sp. overwinters in the larval stage in the egg-shall of its host, Ly-mantria sp. (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae) and the adult emerges from the time whenthe first-brood Dendrolimus eggs appear the following spring. It does not perish either from low temperature in winter or from shortage of food or hosts in spring.So it is saperior to Telenomus dendrolimusi from the standpoints of biological con-trol practice. In Nanking, Telenomus dendrolimusi has 10-12 generations and Telenomus sp.has 8-9 generatiom annually. The proportion of females is about 80%. A female ofTelenomus sp. parasitizes 30 host-eggs in average, this amount being twice as manyas parasitized by Telenomus dendrolimusi. It oviposites all its eggs within a shortperiod and is easy to rear on a large scale under laboratory conditions. One-dny-old pine caterpillar egg was stored in a refrigerator at 4℃ for onemonth, the development of the embryo was not effected. The mature larvae ofTelenomus sp. are best suited for cold storage. Adults emerging from these eggsafter treatment produce normal healthly progeny without showing any ill effects.更多还原