【摘要】 <正> 亚洲飞蝗是中国农业上主要害虫之—,中国科学院昆虫研究所年来对此虫进行生理、生态、形态等各方面的研究,在组织学工作方面我们担任了不同饲料对於亚洲飞蝗消化系统和生殖系统组织构造的影响。当我们研究不同饲料对这两系统的影响更多还原

【Abstract】 The Asiatic migratory locust, Locusta migratoria meniensis Meyen is a seriousinsect pest with historical economic importance of several parts of China. TheInstitute of Entomology, Academia Sinica has paid a great attention to this pestand is doing research work collectively in various fields including ecologists,physiologists, morphologists, etc. The authors are taking a part of work of thewhole research project, on the histological study of the digestive system and thereproductive system with special reference to the effect of diet. This paper isthe first of a contemplated series of studies dealing with the gross anatomy andhistology of the digestive system. This locust is not only important to agriculturebut is also becoming a useful subject for teaching in universities and other schools.It has become desirable, therefore, to have a full account of its anatomy and histo-logy for a work of reference. The materials here reported are form the locusts bred in cages and fed withcorn leaves which will be used as the satisfactory diet to compare with otherfood-plants. The gross anatomy shows a typically acridine arrangement and need not tobe described in detail in this summary besides those structures have been foundapparently differ from other grasshoppers which. were reported by previousworkers especially the closely allied species, Locusta migratoria L. In the Asiaticmigratory locust, the proportion of the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe ofgastric caeca is about 7:3 while in the European migratory locust, according to Hodge (1939) is about 3:1. The Malpighian tubules of the Asiatic migratorylocust are distributed in 12 groups and each group consists of 16 tubules whilethose of the European migratory locust, according to Hodge (1939).each gives rise5.to 10 tubes which almost immediately branch into about five sinuous browntubules each, and Albrecht (1953) described that there are 25 tubules of eachgroup. The Malpighian tubules of nymphal stage have not been recorded byprevious workers. It is found that the Asiatic migrctory locust nymphs have also12 groups, but there are only 6 tubules of each group in the first instar, 8 tubulesin the second instar, 14 tubules in the third and fourth instars and 16 tubules inthe fifth instar. On the internal surface of the alimentary canal, except the mid-intestine and its accessary parts which are endodermic origin, possesses manychitinous processes. We have found that many long and fine spines are presentin the buccd cavity, pharynx and oesophagus, short and blunt teeth are distri-bated in the crop and proventriculus, spinules occur on the V-shaped ridges andalso the ridges of the stomodeal valve, and many very fine spinules, more or lesshair-like, are present in groups on the internal surface of the ileum, colon, andrectum proper, but not the rectum pad. The last mentioned processes are almostentirely neglected by many workers; however, Hodge (1939) has mentioned butonly the spinules arranged in comb-like groups in the rectum proper of the Euro-pean migratory locust. The pyloric valve of the Asiatic migratory locust is notas well developed as that of other grasshoppers which were described by previousworkers. On the histological aspect, there are two kinds of cells of the salivary gland,the mucous cell and the serous cell, which were almost neglected or incompletelydescribed by many previous grasshopper workers. On our prepared slides of therectum pad, there is evidently a considerable large space between the Chitinousintima and the epithelium. Tonkov(1923) suspected the presence of this space andhe believes that it might be abnormally induced by fixation. For more carefulstudying, we have dissected fresh materials in physiological saline solution andproved that the space is always present between the chitinous intima and theepithelium of the rectum pad. This paper deals with also the gross anatomy and histology of different instarsof the nymphal stage. The histology of the digestive system of nymphs is moreor less similar to that of the adult stage. Naturally, in the course of dev更多还原