【摘要】 <正> 一、绪言 柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistis citrella,Staint n)是柑桔果树重要害虫之一,隶属鳞翅日榖蛾总科(Tineoidea)潜叶蛾科(Phyllocnistidae),分布于我国、印度、越南、日本、南洋群岛及澳州;在我国分布於广东,湖南、湖北、四川及台湾,广东的广洲、乐昌、高要、中山、新会,从化、潮山等柑桔区均有发生,幼虫为害於幼芽嫩叶表皮下,作成银白色隧道,蜿延侵食,间或侵害幼嫩枝条,被害叶片卷缩,易於脱落,发生严重时绝大多数幼叶均被为害,使植物生长受阻,影响果子产量,甚者使植物枯萎。柑桔经幼虫为害后,甚易引起溃疡病。更多还原

【Abstract】 The citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, is one of themost important insect pests of Citrus in south China. The larva minesin the leaf, in the bud or in the young twig. The young leaves becomedistorted, and the typical injury appears as regular, twisted galleries, theepidermis appearing silvered. The larvae cause serious injury to theseedlings of citrus and slight damage to the leaves of older trees. SinceJuly 1951 experiments were carried out in Canton to study the life-history,habits and control of the insect. The results obtained are summarizedas follows: The eggs are laid on the lower surface of the leaves near the mid-rib.The egg is very small, measuring 0.3 mm in length. The egg stage variedfrom 4-7 days. Upon hatching the young larva immediately bores into the leaf tissueand constructs a mine, this it does not leave until emergence. The larvacould not survive if the gallery were split to the air the insect exposing.The larval stage varied from 6-8 days. The larva measures about 4 mm when fully mature. The full-grown larva settles down in an enlargement of its galleryat the edge of the leaf, which is gradually folded over as the larva spinsits cocoon. The prepupal stage varied from one and a half to two daysand the pupal stage from 7-8 days. The pupa is yellowish brown, about3 mm in length. The adult is a small, silvery white moth, about 2 mm in length witha wing spread of 5.3 mm. The adults are noctural in habit, phototrophic.The longevity varied from 5-7 days. The citrus leaf miner passes more than ten overlapping generationsin Canton. The insect can be found in the citrus orchard all the yeararonnd. The population are largest in summer and autumn when thelarvae cause severe injury to young shoots. Winter is passed in the pupalstage, rarely in larval stage. Preliminary field experiments showed that the larvae were mosteffectively controlled by spraying with nicotine compounds and benzenehexachloride. Both nicotine sulfate and tobacco decoctions can be used,and the concentration of nicotine in the spray should be around 0.2 percent. The effective concentration of benzene hexachloride was found tobe 0.065% gamma isomer. Wettable powder dispersed in water was em-ployed. No phytotoxicity was observed with these insecticides. Thenicotine sulfate spray apparently acted as a stimulant, as the sprayedfoliage showed better growth.更多还原