【摘要】 以28只性成熟的、体重为2—3公斤的雄性家兔为材料,研究了经100伦、300伦、500伦、800伦和1000伦的γ射线一次全身照射后24小时内,周边血,大血管血中白血球和骨髓中异嗜性白血球系细胞数量上的变化,获得了以下的结果: 1.对照组和照射前的动物周边血和大血管血中白血球水平没有统计学上显著性的差别。 2.照射后7小时,周边血的白血球水平都出现显著的升高,较照射前增加了51％—82％,而此时大血管中的白血球水平或减少或维持于照射前的水平,仅在1000伦的一组中略有升高,但与其相应的周边血白血球数比较仍低48％,因而照射后7小时,周边血和大血管血中白血球的水平出现统计学上显著性的差别。 3.照射后24小时,周边血和大血管血中的白血球水平都较照射后7小时的为低。剂量较低的三组100伦、300伦和500伦,此时二种血液中白血球水平已无差异,都下降到照射前的水平之下。剂量较高的二组800伦和1000伦,周边血液中白血球仍较照射前的为高,而大血管中的已低于照射前的水平,因而照射后24小时,此二剂量组的二种血液中白血球水平仍然有统计学上显著性的差别。 4.白血球升高期内,周边血和大血管血中白血球水平的差异,可能为大量白血球由大血管流入小血管(如小动脉、小静脉和微血管)或者由于这些血管管壁的内皮粘着性发生改变吸附着更多的白血球,并由后者输向受伤组织所引起的。照射后24小时内,白血球的升高并不包括全部血液白血球的升高,在绝大多数情况下仅在周边血液中有所升高,由此可知照射后24小时内白血球的升高主要由于白血球在不同口径血管内重新分配的结果而非完全由于骨髓加速释放所致。 5.照射后24小时内,白血球升高是一种由于放射毒素引起的发炎反应,伴有动物的体温升高和异嗜性白血球内糖原含量的显著增多。更多还原

【Abstract】 28 male sex-matured rabbits, weighing 2--3kg., were used for the study of theeffects of single and whole body γ-irradiation of 100r, 300r, 500r, 800r and 1000r onthe leucocyte levels of the peripheral and the central blood and the quantitative changesof the cells of the heterophil series in bone marrow. The following results were ob-tained: 1. No significant differences in the numbers of leucocytes of the peripheral and thecentral blood were found in animals before irradiation and in the non-irradiated ones. 2. Significant increase in the number of leucocytes in the peripheral blood (being51--82% greater) was observed in all groups 7 hours after irradiation, whereas thatof the central blood decreased or maintained at the pre-irradiation levels with the ex-ception of the 1000r group which showed increase but was still 48% lesser as comparedwith its corresponding peripheral blood. Hence, significant difference in the leucocytelevels of the peripheral and central blood were found 7 hours after irradiation in all ir-radiated groups. 3. The leucocyte levels of the peripheral and the central blood 24 hours after ir-radiation, in the lower dose groups (100r, 300r and 500r) falled below the pre-irradiationlevels and approached one another very closely, whereas in the higher dose groups (800rand 1000r) only the central one decreased and the peripheral blood was still in a stateof leucocytosis. Hence, in the higher dose group, significant difference in the leucocytelevels of the two kinds of blood 24 hours after irradiation still persisted as in the caseof that 7 hours after irradiation. 4. The difference in the number of leukocytes in the peripheral and the centralblood during the period of the initial leucocytosis is probably brought about by themigration of a great number of leucocytes from the large blood vessels into the small ones(such as arterioles, venules and capillaries) and through the walls of capillaries leucocy-tes moved towards the injuried tissues. Leucocytosis does not occur in the whole bloodcirculation and in most case, it only appears in the peripheral blood. The decrease inthe number of leucocytes in the central blood concomitantly with the leucocytosis of theperipheral one suggests the possibility that the redistribution of leucocytes in blood ves-sels of different diameters rather than the accelerative discharges of the heterophils fromthe marrow plays an important role in the initiation of leucocytosis.更多还原