【摘要】 <正> 在海洋中,褐藻是比较种类多、个体大、分布广、产量大的一类海藻。个体较大的褐藻如海带类自17世纪末就开始用以制取钾盐,其后至20世纪初这段时期,陆续由其中发现了碘、甘露醇、褐藻酸、褐藻淀粉和褐藻糖胶等主要化学成分,它们连同植物所共有的纤维素、蛋白质、无机成分等则构成褐藻成分的绝大部分。由于其中许多成分有广泛的工业用更多还原

【Abstract】 With a view to obtaining the necessary, fundamental data for the utilization as well as the physiological and biochemical studies of the brown seaweeds in our country, we have quantitatively analyzed the contents of the main chemical components including ash, iodine, potassium, mannitol, alginic acid, crude protein and crude fiber, in various .species of the economic brown seaweeds collected on the China coast. Of the 79 samples analyzed 8 belong to Laminariaceae (4 spp.), 51 to Sargassaceae (40 samples identified to 12 spp. and 11 to genus only), 1 to Fucaceae (1 sp.), 4 to Ishigaceae (2 spp.), 1 to Cystoseiraceae (1 sp.), 10 to Punctariaceae (4 spp.) and 4 to Dictyotaceae (2 identified to 2 spp. and others to genus only). The results obtained may be summarized as follows (Tab. 1):1.The alginic acid content in Laminariaceae exhibits about 20-30% on the dry basis, somewhat higher than that in the other brown seaweeds ranging from 15 to 25%. Of the southern spp. Sargassum horneri and. Ishige okamurai are higher .in alginic acid, reaching 25-31%, and seem to be good raw materials for algin production.2.The mannitol content is comparatively higher in the northern samples than in the southern ones. In Laminariaceae it exhibits about 10%, a few of them may reach 19%. The northern Sargassums contain about 10%, most of the southern spp., however, are poor in mannitol with values lower than 7%, even only 1-3%.3.The data of iodine content show the highest value of about 0.3% in Laminaria and Ecklonia, and about 0.03% in Sargassums. It draws our attention that the Sargassums growing on the northern China coast .usually contain about 0.03% of iodine, S. uachellianum from Fukien province about 0.1%, and many Sargassums from Kwantung province as high as 0.22-0.32%, exhibiting a tendency of gradual increase from the north to the south.4.The crude protein content in Laminaria and Undaria varies from 5 to 20%, while in Sargassum kjellmanianum and S. thunbergii a higher content of protein occurs, in most cases exhibiting 17-25%.5.The ash content in brown seaweeds generally ranges from 25 to 35%, and the potassium content, as a rule, varies with the ash content.6.The crude fiber in Laminariaceae usually amounts to 2-5%, and in the Sargassums to 3-9%.更多还原