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在盐的水溶液中非电解质的活度系数的研究--Ⅰ.钴络盐对于正戊酸在水中溶解度的影响
STUDIES ON THE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF NON-ELECTROLYTES IN SALT SOLUTIONS--Ⅰ.THE EFFECT OF COBALT AMMINES ON THE SOLUBILITIES OF n-VALERIC ACID IN WATER
【摘要】 本文根据 van der Waals-London 色散力的作用,提出非电解质水溶液中的盐溶效应机构,指出(1) 对称性的大离子;(2) 非对称性的大离子都应起盐溶效应,并说明盐溶效应是怎样产生的。根据这样的机构,我们在25°下测了在下面五种钴络盐水溶液中正戊酸的溶度:(1) 氯化六氨基钴;(2) 氯化一氯五氨基钴;(3) 氯化一硝基五氨基钴;(4) 氯化反二硝基四氨基钴;(5) 氯化顺二硝基四氨基钴。实验结果是盐析效应。从盐溶液的不同浓度 C_s 中的正戊酸溶度,我们计算正戊酸的活度系数 f,并作了 log f 对 C_s 和1/f 对 C_s 的图。这些图都是直线,符合 Debye-McAulay 和 Debye 的盐析理论。最后我们解释了为甚么钴络盐对正戊酸不起盐溶作用。
【Abstract】 Mechanisms,based on interaction by van der Waals-London’s dispersion forces for ex-plaining salting-in effect of non-electrolyte in water by large ions,are proposed for the followingcases:(1) ions of symmetrical structure and (2) ions of non-symmetrical structure.For the test of such mechanism,we have measured the solubilities of n-valeric acid at 25℃in the aqueous solutions of following five cobalt ammines:(1) luteo,(2) purpuro,(3) xantho,(4) croceo and (5) flavo.All these salts salt-out valeric acid.The activity coefficient,f,of n-valeric acid as determined by the ratio of its solubility inpure water,S0,to that in a salt solution,S,is calculated for each salt concentration,C.Theplots of log f and 1/f vs C for five salts are all linear,in agreement with Debye-McAulay andDebye’s theories.We give explanations why these complex ions do not bring about salting-in of n-valericacid.
- 【文献出处】 化学学报 ,Acta Chimica Sinica , 编辑部邮箱 ,1956年01期
- 【被引频次】9
- 【下载频次】112